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Physical Self

the outermost layer of our identity where we can be easily judged by other people and how we judge other people; the most observable part out of all aspects

Appearance

height, skin color

Health

strength, fitness, illnesses; the most important because health is wealth

Biological Processes

growth and development, any changes in your body; start of insecurities because change begins

Physical Characteristics

face, the body type, features we inherit

PHYSICAL BODY INFLUENCES

Identity; Confidence; Relationships; Behavior

Identity

our physical body first defines our identity; in psychology, our physical self defines our identity

Confidence

(no definition provided in text)

Relationships

some people exclude others because of their appearance

Behavior

way we move, rest, and act often reflects how we see our body; We are judged based on how we act

BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES OF THE PHYSICAL SELF

Heredity; Puberty and Development; Health and Nutrition

Heredity

what we acquire from our parents (resemblance)

Puberty and Development

body changes and surrounding consciousness; we develop insecurities, comparing self to other people

Health and Nutrition

healthy body = healthy lifestyle; being healthy helps you perform better with more confidence, influencing how you present yourself

THE BODY AND SELF IDENTITY

Body Image; Positive Body Image; Negative Body Image; Cultural Standards of Beauty; Gender and the Physical Self

Body Image

how you see yourself

Positive Body Image

where you can build self confidence and achieve self care

Negative Body Image

you are unsatisfied with your physical self

Cultural Standards of Beauty

beauty is socially constructed

Gender and the Physical Self

women are pressured to look slim, young and flawless; men are pressured to look strong, muscular, and tall

THEORIES AND PERSPECTIVES ON THE PHYSICAL SELF

William James; Carl Rogers; Charles Cooley and George Herbert Mead

William James

“MATERIAL SELF”, body and possessions are part of our identity

Carl Rogers

“SELF CONCEPT”, where under it is the ideal self and real self

Charles Cooley and George Herbert Mead

“SYMBOLIC RELATIONSHIP”, we are shaped by social interactions

Sexuality

about sexual feelings, thoughts, and attractions; describe feelings you have for someone you’re attracted to

Gender

developing while existing; from the moment you’re born, do you know your sexual orientation already?

Hormones

Testosterone; Estrogen; Dopamine; Norepinephrine; Serotonin; Oxytocin; Vasopresin

Hormones

chemical messengers in our body; signals for actions

Testosterone

primary male sex hormone

Estrogen

primary female sex hornone

Dopamine

feelings of pleasure; voluntary movements

Norepinephrine

“fight or flight”; gives you alertness/attention

Serotonin

feel good

Oxytocin

uterine contractions / menstrual cramps

Vasopresin

water regulator, controls amount of water kidneys can absorb

Three Stages of Love and the Hormones

Lust; Attraction; Attachment

Lust

testosterone and estrogen (sex hormones)

Attraction

dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin

Attachment

oxytocin and vasopresin

Gender Identity and Gender Roles

Gender Identity; Cisgender; Transgender; Gender Roles

Gender Identity

how you express yourself regardless of your sex

Cisgender

biological identity present at birth (male; female)

Transgender

transitions in gender

Gender Roles

involves societal expectations; e.g., at home, men are expected to provide

Sexual Orientation

Alfred Kinsey; Heterosexual; Homosexual; Bisexual; Pansexual; Asexual

Alfred Kinsey

proponent of “Spectrum of Personality”

Heterosexual

straight

Homosexual

same-sex attraction (gay/lesbian)

Bisexual

male/female, both ways

Pansexual

attracted to all

Asexual

not attracted to anyone

Gender Stereotypes

Gender Stereotypes

Gender Stereotypes

judgment on gender based on what you can see; e.g., when applying for a job, the female is chosen over the male because they are more caring and “motherly”

Sexism

Sexism

Sexism

inequality due to societal expectations; e.g., giving up seats to females

Gender Sensitivity

Gender Sensitivity

Gender Sensitivity

being careful and respectful when you’re unsure of someone’s gender; e.g., if you’re at a mall, instead of referring to someone as ma’am/sir, you say something more general

Triangular Theory of Love

Intimacy; Passion; Commitment

Intimacy

closeness and bondness of one another

Passion

desires in the physical body; where sexual intercourse happens

Commitment

aiming to reach your shared goals

Eight Kinds of Love

Non-Love; Liking; Infatuation; Empty Love; Romantic Love; Companionate; Fatuous; Consummate

Non-Love

intimacy, passion, and commitment is not present

Liking

intimacy is present

Infatuation

only passion is present

Empty Love

there is commitment but passion and intimacy’s not present

Romantic Love

there is passion and intimacy but no commitment; e.g., when the relationship has no label

Companionate

there is intimacy and commitment but no passion; communication but spark is reducing/no spark

Fatuous

there’s passion and commitment but no intimacy; e.g., one night stands

Consummate

all three elements are present

Sexual Response Cycle

Excitement; Plateau; Orgasm; Resolution

Excitement

when you see an attractive person; e.g., males getting an erection

Plateau

kissing scenes; driving force to climax

Orgasm

climax

Resolution

back to normal

William James (1890)

“The spiritual self is the most ultimate, intimate, and permanent.”

Components of the Spiritual Self

Cognitive Aspect; Affective Aspect; Behavioral Aspect

Cognitive Aspect

knowledge about doctrines, philosophies, law of the church

Affective Aspect

when we have devotion; it touches our heart because we have devotion

Behavioral Aspect

doing the practices and rituals

Stages of Development of the Spiritual Self

Childhood; Adolescence; Adulthood; Later Life

Childhood

spirituality begins with family

Adolescence

exploration; developing a personal sense of faith

Adulthood

seeking of purpose; integrating spirituality to daily life

Later Life

can include present life, reflection

Nurture the Spiritual Self

Reflection and Meditation; Prayer and Worship; Living by Values; Service to Others; Connection with Others; Mindfulness Practices

Reflection and Meditation

quiet time to connect with inner self

Prayer and Worship

strengthens faith and provides comfort

Living by Values

aligning actions with beliefs

Service to Others

volunteering, acts of kindness, and compassion

Connection with Others

recognizing harmony with environment

Mindfulness Practices

focusing on the moment with gratitude

Characteristics of the Spiritual Self

Inner Peace and Harmony; Faith; Belief System; Moral Compass; Purpose and Meaning; Transcendence; Compassion and Service

Inner Peace and Harmony

state of mental and emotional calmness, acceptance, and balance despite experiencing stress or challenges

Faith

trust in God

Belief System

rules, practices, philosophies that help guide one’s life

Moral Compass

“ego”, helps balance right and wrong

Purpose and Meaning

living based on your calling; gives life significance beyond material achievements

Transcendence

there’s transition, going beyond the ordinary experiences

Compassion and Service

similar to service to others; extending hands without expecting returns