Six Functional Groups

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Last updated 1:48 AM on 9/14/26
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12 Terms

1
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Hydroxyl

-alcohol

-R-OH

-”water loving” group

2
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Hydroxyl (image)


3
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Carbonyl

-sugars or carbs

-can be adlehyde (C=O) at end or keystone (C=O at middle)

-R-C=O

4
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Carbonyl (image)


5
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Carboxyl

-carboxylic acids

-R-COOH

-ionized form=get ride of hydrogen

-usually gets rid of hydrogen

6
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Carboxyl (image)


7
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Amine

-with carboxyl you get amino acids

-R-NH2

-ionized form=NH3

-usually adds hydrogen

8
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Amine (image)


9
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Sulfhydryl

-Thiols

-R-SH

-stabilize proteins (w/ sulfur bridges holding them together)

10
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sulfhydryl (image)


11
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phosphate

-organic phosphates

-R-PO4

-energy transfer and structure of DNA/RNA

12
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phosphate (image)