Phase Changes & Thermal Energy Flashcards

Flashcards about phase changes and thermal energy

What happens to water when heated?

The temperature increases at a constant rate until it reaches boiling, then it stays at 100 degrees Celsius.

What happens to water temperature during phase changes?

The temperature stayed constant at ~0 degrees Celsius (solid to liquid) and ~100 degrees Celsius (liquid to gas).

How does salt affect the freezing point of water?

Salt lowers the freezing point of water.

What is required to change the phase of a substance?

Heat/thermal energy caused a phase change and it requires heat to change the phase of a substance.

Laboratory Equipment

Equipment used in the lab. Examples: Spatula, Beaker, Test Tubes, Bunsen burner, etc.

How does temperature affect the movement of water particles?

The particles of water move faster when they are hotter and they move more slowly when they are cooler.

Density of warm water vs cold water

Warm water is less dense than cold water.

KE (Kinetic Energy)

Kinetic energy of particles, or the temperature of a substance.

PE (Potential Energy)

Potential energy of particles, or the state of matter.

Temperature during phase changes

As phase changes happen, the temperature does not change, but heat is either added or taken away.

Specific Heat

The amount of energy it requires to raise 1 gram of a solid by 1 degree Celsius.

Specific heat of water vs sand

Water heats up more slowly and cools down more slowly compared to sand.

Evaporation rate of acetone, alcohol, and water

Acetone evaporates the fastest, then alcohol, then water.