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Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.
Action Potential
The electrical signal or change in charge that occurs when a neuron fires.
Dopamine
A neurotransmitter associated with reward, movement, and is linked to schizophrenia (too much) and Parkinson’s (too little).
Somatic Nervous System
The component of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary muscle movements.
Autonomic Nervous System
The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate and digestion.
Glial Cells
Supportive cells in the nervous system that provide nutrition and protection for neurons.
Polarization
The state of a neuron when the inside is negative and the outside is positive, preparing for action potential.
Reuptake
The process by which excess neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron after they have completed their action.
GABA
The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, which slows down neural activity.
SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)
A class of drugs used to treat depression by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.
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