AP World History - Unit 1 Vocabulary

AP World History flashcards for key vocabulary and concepts.

Religious Mysticism

Adherents within religions focusing on mystical experiences that bring them closer to divine - prayer, meditation.

Siddhartha Gautama

Founder of Buddhism, lived in Nepal from 563-483 BCE, rejected wealth and world possessions and became Buddha (Enlightened One).

Four Noble Truths

(1) all life is suffering, (2) suffering caused by desire, (3) can be freed of desire, (4) freed of desire following a prescribed path.

Theravada Buddhism

Meditation, simplicity, nirvana as renunciation of consciousness and self.

Mahayana Buddhism

Great ritual, spiritual comfort - more complex but with greater spread.

Jesus of Nazareth

Figure who claimed to be Messiah the Jews had awaited - teachings of devotion to God and love for others.

Confucianism

Deals with how to restore political and social order, not with philosophical or religious topics.

Analects

Confucius' thoughts and sayings collected in this book.

Brahma

Belief in one supreme force called Brahma who created everything - gods are manifestations of Brahma (Vishnu = preserver, Shiva = destroyer).

Moksha

Highest stake of being (internal peace and release of soul).

Dharma

Rules and obligations of your caste.

Qur'an

Allah presented words through prophet Muhammad, whose words were recorded in the Qur’an.

5 Pillars of Islam

(1) confession, (2) prayer 5 times a day, (3) charity, (4) fasting during Ramadan, (5) pilgrimage to Mecca.

Abbasid Dynasty

Islamic Empire from 750-1258 CE - early mid-9th century golden age with its capital in Baghdad.

House of Wisdom

Library in Baghdad during Abbasid Dynasty.

European Feudalism

European hierarchy social system of Middle Ages.

Code of Chivalry

Conflict between lords was regulated with code of chivalry which condemned betrayal and promoted mutual respect.

Primogeniture

Land was passed down to the eldest son.

Magna Carta

Signed by King John, reinstated the nobles, laid foundation for Parliament.

Spanish Inquisition

Queen Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon married to unite Spain in a single monarchy and forced all residents to convert to Christianity.

Neo-Confucianism

Buddhist ideas about soul, filial piety, maintenance of proper roles, loyalty to superiors.

Song Dynasty Foot Binding

Confucianism justified subordination of women - women’s feet bound after birth to keep them small.

Delhi Sultanate

Islamic invader kingdom in Delhi.

Khmer Empire

Hindu Empire in modern day Cambodia, Laos, Thailand.

Angor Wat

Temple crafted during the Khmer Empire.

Hausa Kingdoms

Off Niger River, series of state system kingdoms, Islam region, achieved economic stability and religious influence though long trade (salt and leather).

Tenochtitlan

Capital city of the Aztecs (modern Mexico City).

Inca

My Land is Your Land. Andes Mountains in Peru.

Cuzco

Capital of Inca Empire.