Civics Unit 1 Quiz

Civics

The relationship between the people and the government

National Level

- highest level in the US

- In D.C

- Makes and enforces laws for the entire country

State Level

- makes and enforces laws for the people of their states

Local Level

- makes laws for the people in their country, city, or town

What 2 ways can government be catagorized?

- powerless people (authoritarian, totalitarian, autocracies)

- Power to the people (popular soverignty)

What are the two types of democracy?

- Direct (people vote firsthand on ALL issues)

- Representative (people elect individuals to vote on issues *i.e. US Congress)

Republic

representative government in which no leaders inherit office

- government officials are elected or appointed

What are the four types of Autocracy?

- Monarchy

- Absolute monarchy

- Limited/Constitutional Monarchy

- Divine Right

Monarchy

government with a hereditary ruler (handed down by birth)

Absolute Monarchy

- a monarch had total and unlimited power (Saudi Arabia)

Limited Constitutional Monarchy

a monarch that has limited power shared with elective representatives

- Great Britian

Divine Right

- The idea that monarchs felt they derived their power to rule from God

Parliamentary System

- both executive (law enforcement) and legislative (law makers) functions reside in an elected assembly

- Legislature is called a Parliament and the head of the gov is called the Prime Minister

Dictatorship

- exercise complete control over the state and usually take power by force

- Vladimir Putin & Kim Jong Un

Totalitarianism

- government control extends to almost all aspects of people's lives

- Ban all political opposition

- regulate economy

- take away individual freedoms

- China, N. Korea, Uzbekistan, Belarus

Oligarchy

- The power resides with a small group of people based on military power, social status, or wealth

- Hereditary rule

Current and Former:

- Asia: China, N. Korea

- Europe: G.B., Russia

- Africa: South Africa

- North America: Cuba

Theocracy

- religious officials rule by religious law

- Iran: Grand Ayatollah and Sharia Law

- Vatican City: Catholic Church and Pope

Amarchy

chaos, no laws or justice system, no economic stability

Socialism

- the means of production should be owned and controlled by society, either directly or through the gov

- Feel that wealth should be distributed equally among all citizens in a nation

- Karl Marx encouraged violent revolution to end the separation of social classes

Communism

- one class would evolve, property would be held in common, and there would be no need for gov

- DOES NOT WORK (gov usually takes control of means of production)

- Individuals cannot own their own land/business

- Power maintained by military

- China, Cuba, Laos, N. Korea, and Vietnam

Attitudes that shape political bagavior

- Individualism

- Equal opportunity

- Free Enterprise

- Rule of Law

Individualsim

- belief in the fundamental worth and importance of the individual

- rooted in the Enlightenment Philosophy

- Encourages people to pursue their own best interest

Equality of oppurtunity

- Emphasizes the equal rights of all people to pursue life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

- Still argued whether everyone has equal access to equal oppurtunity

Free Enterprise

- the role of the gov in the economy

- Gov should take a laissez faire approach and an invisible hand guided by the interaction of producers and consumers (Adam Smith *The Wealth of Nations)

- However, gov involvement has increased in the marketplace

Rule of Law

- the principle the gov established that laws of the nation apply equally to all members of society and prevents the rule and whims of leaders who feel above the law

- ensures stability and certainty

Resposibilities

Thing we should do' they are obligations we fulfill voluntarily

Duties

Thing that we must do

Legal Duties

- obey laws

- pay taxes

- defend the nation (Men 18-25 are required to register for the draft)

- Serve in court

- Attend school till at least 16

Civic Responsibilities

- be informed of current events

- vote

participate in community events

- respect other's property, rights, and diversity

- contribute to the common good

Privileges of Citizens

- security

- liberty

- equality

Security Rights

- protect us from a gov getting too strong

- Article I denies certain powers to Congress

- The Bill of Rights contains many limitations on gov powers

Liberty Rights

- The gov protects our freedoms

- 1st Amnd: speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition

Certain rights are given to accused person to protect your personal liberty unless proven guilty

- right to an attorney, right to trial by jury

Equality Rights

- Requires that all persons are treated the same

- 14th Amnd is primary example because it requires all person to be given due process and equal protection

What are the two ways to become a citizen?

- Native born and Naturalized

Native Born

- If you are born anywhere in the US

- If one or both of your parents are US citizens

- Possible t have dual citizenship at birth

Naturalized

immigrants who move to the US seeking to become citizens

Naturalization Process

1) Declaration of Intent - you must file and official form declaring your intentions to become a US citizen

2) Application

3) Preliminary Hearing - background check (must have lived in US for 5 years and be 18 years old)

4) Examination

5) Final Hearing - Swear an Oath of Allegiance to the US

Aliens

Non citizens who live in the US

USCIS

US Citizenship and Immigration Services, gov agency

Legal Aliens

- Aliens who legally enter the US to work or visit