Civics Unit 1 Quiz

Civics

Civics

The relationship between the people and the government

National Level

• highest level in the US

• In D.C

• Makes and enforces laws for the entire country

State Level

• makes and enforces laws for the people of their states

Local Level

• makes laws for the people in their country, city, or town

What 2 ways can government be catagorized?

• powerless people (authoritarian, totalitarian, autocracies)

• Power to the people (popular soverignty)

What are the two types of democracy?

• Direct (people vote firsthand on ALL issues)

• Representative (people elect individuals to vote on issues *i.e. US Congress)

Republic

representative government in which no leaders inherit office

• government officials are elected or appointed

What are the four types of Autocracy?

• Monarchy

• Absolute monarchy

• Limited/Constitutional Monarchy

• Divine Right

Monarchy

government with a hereditary ruler (handed down by birth)

Absolute Monarchy

• a monarch had total and unlimited power (Saudi Arabia)

Limited Constitutional Monarchy

a monarch that has limited power shared with elective representatives

• Great Britian

Divine Right

• The idea that monarchs felt they derived their power to rule from God

Parliamentary System

• both executive (law enforcement) and legislative (law makers) functions reside in an elected assembly

• Legislature is called a Parliament and the head of the gov is called the Prime Minister

Dictatorship

• exercise complete control over the state and usually take power by force

• Vladimir Putin & Kim Jong Un

Totalitarianism

• government control extends to almost all aspects of people's lives

• Ban all political opposition

• regulate economy

• take away individual freedoms

• China, N. Korea, Uzbekistan, Belarus

Oligarchy

• The power resides with a small group of people based on military power, social status, or wealth

• Hereditary rule

Current and Former:

• Asia: China, N. Korea

• Europe: G.B., Russia

• Africa: South Africa

• North America: Cuba

Theocracy

• religious officials rule by religious law

• Iran: Grand Ayatollah and Sharia Law

• Vatican City: Catholic Church and Pope

Amarchy

chaos, no laws or justice system, no economic stability

Socialism

• the means of production should be owned and controlled by society, either directly or through the gov

• Feel that wealth should be distributed equally among all citizens in a nation

• Karl Marx encouraged violent revolution to end the separation of social classes

Communism

• one class would evolve, property would be held in common, and there would be no need for gov

• DOES NOT WORK (gov usually takes control of means of production)

• Individuals cannot own their own land/business

• Power maintained by military

• China, Cuba, Laos, N. Korea, and Vietnam

Attitudes that shape political bagavior

• Individualism

• Equal opportunity

• Free Enterprise

• Rule of Law

Individualsim

• belief in the fundamental worth and importance of the individual

• rooted in the Enlightenment Philosophy

• Encourages people to pursue their own best interest

Equality of oppurtunity

• Emphasizes the equal rights of all people to pursue life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• Still argued whether everyone has equal access to equal oppurtunity

Free Enterprise

• the role of the gov in the economy

• Gov should take a laissez faire approach and an invisible hand guided by the interaction of producers and consumers (Adam Smith *The Wealth of Nations)

• However, gov involvement has increased in the marketplace

Rule of Law

• the principle the gov established that laws of the nation apply equally to all members of society and prevents the rule and whims of leaders who feel above the law

• ensures stability and certainty

Resposibilities

Thing we should do' they are obligations we fulfill voluntarily

Duties

Thing that we must do

Legal Duties

• obey laws

• pay taxes

• defend the nation (Men 18-25 are required to register for the draft)

• Serve in court

• Attend school till at least 16

Civic Responsibilities

• be informed of current events

• vote

participate in community events

• respect other's property, rights, and diversity

• contribute to the common good

Privileges of Citizens

• security

• liberty

• equality

Security Rights

• protect us from a gov getting too strong

• Article I denies certain powers to Congress

• The Bill of Rights contains many limitations on gov powers

Liberty Rights

• The gov protects our freedoms

• 1st Amnd: speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition

Certain rights are given to accused person to protect your personal liberty unless proven guilty

• right to an attorney, right to trial by jury

Equality Rights

• Requires that all persons are treated the same

• 14th Amnd is primary example because it requires all person to be given due process and equal protection

What are the two ways to become a citizen?

• Native born and Naturalized

Native Born

• If you are born anywhere in the US

• If one or both of your parents are US citizens

• Possible t have dual citizenship at birth

Naturalized

immigrants who move to the US seeking to become citizens

Naturalization Process

1. Declaration of Intent - you must file and official form declaring your intentions to become a US citizen

2. Application

3. Preliminary Hearing - background check (must have lived in US for 5 years and be 18 years old)

4. Examination

5. Final Hearing - Swear an Oath of Allegiance to the US

Aliens

Non citizens who live in the US

USCIS

US Citizenship and Immigration Services, gov agency

Legal Aliens

• Aliens who legally enter the US to work or visit