Civics Unit 1 Quiz

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387 Terms

1

Civics

The relationship between the people and the government

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National Level

  • highest level in the US

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  • In D.C

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  • Makes and enforces laws for the entire country

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State Level

  • makes and enforces laws for the people of their states

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Local Level

  • makes laws for the people in their country, city, or town

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What 2 ways can government be catagorized?

  • powerless people (authoritarian, totalitarian, autocracies)

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  • Power to the people (popular soverignty)

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What are the two types of democracy?

  • Direct (people vote firsthand on ALL issues)

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  • Representative (people elect individuals to vote on issues *i.e. US Congress)

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Republic

representative government in which no leaders inherit office

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  • government officials are elected or appointed

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What are the four types of Autocracy?

  • Monarchy

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  • Absolute monarchy

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  • Limited/Constitutional Monarchy

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  • Divine Right

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Monarchy

government with a hereditary ruler (handed down by birth)

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Absolute Monarchy

  • a monarch had total and unlimited power (Saudi Arabia)

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Limited Constitutional Monarchy

a monarch that has limited power shared with elective representatives

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  • Great Britian

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Divine Right

  • The idea that monarchs felt they derived their power to rule from God

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Parliamentary System

  • both executive (law enforcement) and legislative (law makers) functions reside in an elected assembly

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  • Legislature is called a Parliament and the head of the gov is called the Prime Minister

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Dictatorship

  • exercise complete control over the state and usually take power by force

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  • Vladimir Putin & Kim Jong Un

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Totalitarianism

  • government control extends to almost all aspects of people's lives

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  • Ban all political opposition

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  • regulate economy

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  • take away individual freedoms

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  • China, N. Korea, Uzbekistan, Belarus

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Oligarchy

  • The power resides with a small group of people based on military power, social status, or wealth

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  • Hereditary rule

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Current and Former:

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  • Asia: China, N. Korea

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  • Europe: G.B., Russia

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  • Africa: South Africa

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  • North America: Cuba

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Theocracy

  • religious officials rule by religious law

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  • Iran: Grand Ayatollah and Sharia Law

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  • Vatican City: Catholic Church and Pope

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Amarchy

chaos, no laws or justice system, no economic stability

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Socialism

  • the means of production should be owned and controlled by society, either directly or through the gov

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  • Feel that wealth should be distributed equally among all citizens in a nation

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  • Karl Marx encouraged violent revolution to end the separation of social classes

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Communism

  • one class would evolve, property would be held in common, and there would be no need for gov

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  • DOES NOT WORK (gov usually takes control of means of production)

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  • Individuals cannot own their own land/business

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  • Power maintained by military

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  • China, Cuba, Laos, N. Korea, and Vietnam

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Attitudes that shape political bagavior

  • Individualism

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  • Equal opportunity

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  • Free Enterprise

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  • Rule of Law

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Individualsim

  • belief in the fundamental worth and importance of the individual

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  • rooted in the Enlightenment Philosophy

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  • Encourages people to pursue their own best interest

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Equality of oppurtunity

  • Emphasizes the equal rights of all people to pursue life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

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  • Still argued whether everyone has equal access to equal oppurtunity

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Free Enterprise

  • the role of the gov in the economy

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  • Gov should take a laissez faire approach and an invisible hand guided by the interaction of producers and consumers (Adam Smith *The Wealth of Nations)

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  • However, gov involvement has increased in the marketplace

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Rule of Law

  • the principle the gov established that laws of the nation apply equally to all members of society and prevents the rule and whims of leaders who feel above the law

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  • ensures stability and certainty

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Resposibilities

Thing we should do' they are obligations we fulfill voluntarily

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Duties

Thing that we must do

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Legal Duties

  • obey laws

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  • pay taxes

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  • defend the nation (Men 18-25 are required to register for the draft)

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  • Serve in court

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  • Attend school till at least 16

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Civic Responsibilities

  • be informed of current events

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  • vote

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participate in community events

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  • respect other's property, rights, and diversity

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  • contribute to the common good

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Privileges of Citizens

  • security

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  • liberty

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  • equality

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Security Rights

  • protect us from a gov getting too strong

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  • Article I denies certain powers to Congress

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  • The Bill of Rights contains many limitations on gov powers

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Liberty Rights

  • The gov protects our freedoms

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  • 1st Amnd: speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition

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Certain rights are given to accused person to protect your personal liberty unless proven guilty

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  • right to an attorney, right to trial by jury

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Equality Rights

  • Requires that all persons are treated the same

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  • 14th Amnd is primary example because it requires all person to be given due process and equal protection

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What are the two ways to become a citizen?

  • Native born and Naturalized

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Native Born

  • If you are born anywhere in the US

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  • If one or both of your parents are US citizens

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  • Possible t have dual citizenship at birth

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Naturalized

immigrants who move to the US seeking to become citizens

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Naturalization Process

  1. Declaration of Intent - you must file and official form declaring your intentions to become a US citizen

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  1. Application

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  1. Preliminary Hearing - background check (must have lived in US for 5 years and be 18 years old)

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  1. Examination

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  1. Final Hearing - Swear an Oath of Allegiance to the US

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Aliens

Non citizens who live in the US

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USCIS

US Citizenship and Immigration Services, gov agency

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Legal Aliens

  • Aliens who legally enter the US to work or visit

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