Physical Features of India - GEO CLASS 9

What are the Himalayas known as in terms of geological classification?

Young fold mountains.

What is the approximate length of the Himalayas?

2400km arc.

What is the height range of the Himachal or Lesser Himalayas?

3700-4500m.

Which mountain is known as the highest peak in the world?

Mount Everest, at 8848m.

What is the primary geological composition of the Greater Himalayas?

Granite, with perennial snow.

What defines the width of the Himalayas at Arunachal Pradesh and Kashmir?

150km in Arunachal Pradesh to 400km in Kashmir.

Name two significant valleys located between the Himachal and Shiwalik ranges.

Dehradun and Patli Dun.

What distinguishes the Shiwalik range in terms of height and structure?

900-1100m height and unconsolidated sediments.

What are the four major river systems that form the Northern Plains of India?

Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra.

What is the geographical area of the Northern Plains?

7 lakh km².

Which plain is known as the largest inhabited riverine island in the Brahmaputra River?

Majuli Island.

What term describes the landform created by silt in the Northern Plains?

Distributaries.

What type of alluvium characterizes the Bhangar region of the Northern Plains?

Old alluvium.

What type of rocks make up the Peninsular Plateau?

Crystalline, igneous, and metamorphic rocks.

What are the two sections of the Deccan Plateau?

Eastern and northeastern extensions.

What is the height of the highest peak in the Western Ghats?

Anai Mudi at 2,695m.

What geological feature characterizes the Aravali hills?

Broken hills.

What are the primary characteristics of the Indian Desert?

Sandy plain, sand dunes, arid climate, 150mm rainfall.

What is the name of the longest range in the Lesser Himalayas?

Pir Panjal.

Which coastal plain runs from Mumbai to Goa?

Konkan Coast.

What is a significant feature of the Eastern Ghats?

They are dissected by rivers and not continuous.

What causes orographic rain in the Western Ghats?

Moist winds rising along its slope.

What are the names of the hills formed from the northeastern extension of the Deccan Plateau?

Meghalaya, Karbi Anglong Plateau, North Cachar Hills.

What island in India is known for being a coral island?

Lakshadweep.

What geological formation do the Andaman Islands belong to?

Elevated portion of submarine Himalayas.

What is unique about Barren Island among Indian islands?

It is India’s only active volcano.

What is the average height range of the Shiwalik hills?

900-1100 meters.

What is the area covered by the Ganga plain?

Extends from Ghaggar to Teesta rivers.

What is the average height of the Lesser Himalayas?

3700-4500m.

Which valley is associated with the Kangra and Kullu region?

Valley of Kashmir.

Define the term 'Terai' as used in the context of Northern Plains.

Swampy forested area where streams reappear.

What are the two components of the coastal plains in India?

Western and Eastern coastal plains.

What geological phenomenon is associated with the Deccan Trap?

Black soil region made from igneous rocks.

What distinguishes the Bhabar region in Northern Plains?

Rivers disappear after depositing pebbles.

What type of sediment characterizes the Shiwalik range?

Unconsolidated sediments.

What type of climate characterizes the Indian Desert?

Arid climate with low rainfall.

What feature is unique to the northeastern part of the Deccan Plateau concerning hills?

Separated from Chhotanagpur by a fault.

What is a characteristic feature of the eastern coast of India?

Formation of deltas by major rivers.

Name two hills found in the Eastern Ghats.

Mahendragiri and Shevroy hills.

What is the average height of the Eastern Ghats?

600m.

What is the width range of the Bhabar region?

8 to 16 km.

Which mountain range runs parallel to the western coast of India?

Western Ghats.

What is the defining characteristic of the Peninsular Plateau?

Real old, tableland with rounded hills.

What do 'barchans' refer to in the context of deserts?

Crescent-shaped sand dunes.

Which notable lake is situated in Odisha and is the largest saltwater lake in India?

Lake Chilika.

What major characteristic differentiates between the Deccan Plateau and the Chhotanagpur Plateau?

The Deccan is mainly volcanic, while Chhotanagpur is known for its minerals.

Name a prominent feature of the coastal plains in the southern part of India.

Coromandel Coast.

What mountain range in India has an asymmetrical height variation?

Greater Himalayas.

Which river is characterized by forming riverine islands in its lower course?

Brahmaputra River.

Define the term 'khadar' in the Northern Plains context.

Renewed alluvium deposited every year, ideal for intensive agriculture.

What are 'duns' in the context of the Himalayas?

Valleys between the Himachal and Shiwalik ranges.

What is significant about the region of Terai concerning its history?

It was cleared for migrants after the partition.

What are the key features of the Purvanchal mountain range?

Strong sandstone and densely forested parallel ranges.