Chapter578

Why are sublingual tablets better for relieving angina attacks than traditional tablets?

They bypass the stomach, entering the bloodstream for quicker relief.

Why do manufacturers make dosage forms that are effective over a longer time?

To enable the patient to take the medication less often.

Parenteral medications are used because:

All of the above: They work quickly, bypass stomach acid, and are useful for patients who can't take oral meds.

Which of the following is not an example of a semisolid dosage form?

Lozenge.

Which liquid dosage form has a hydroalcoholic base?

Elixir.

The organ that performs most of the metabolism of a drug is the:

Liver.

If a drug has a half-life of 20 hours, this would mean that:

Half the drug is eliminated in 20 hours, followed by half of the remaining drug in the next 20 hours, and so on.

Excipients are used in preparing medications to:

All of the above: Improve appearance, disguise taste/smell, increase size of medication.

The time taken for the plasma concentration of a drug to decrease by 50% is known as:

Half-life.

Which of the following oral dosage forms should have a 'Shake Well' auxiliary label on the bottle?

Suspension.

What route should epinephrine be given in an emergency anaphylaxis situation?

Intramuscular (IM).

Which term refers to the name of the prescription?

Inscription.

What DAW code is assigned to 'No product selection indicated'?

DAW 0.

Which of the following may be identified during a prospective drug review?

All of the above: Drug-disease contraindications, drug duplication, therapeutic duplication.

Which of the following is NOT one of the patient's rights?

Right price.

Which task may a pharmacy technician NOT do regarding immunizations?

Administer the immunization.

What does this signa mean: '1 tsp PO qid ac & hs'?

Take 1 teaspoonful by mouth four times a day before meals and at bedtime.

Which of the following may a pharmacy technician NOT do in a retail pharmacy?

Accept a new prescription over the phone from a physician's office.

Which of the following should a pharmacy technician NOT demonstrate to a pharmacy patient?

Sarcasm.

Which information may a pharmacist provide to a patient during counseling?

All of the above: Proper storage, refill info, missed dose instructions.

What is adjudication in pharmacy?

The process of electronically submitting a prescription to a third-party payer for reimbursement.

Which book provides package inserts from manufacturers?

Physicians' Desk Reference.

Which book is the best source for locating manufacturers' addresses?

Red Book, PDR, and Drug Facts and Comparisons.

Where can you find the average wholesale price (AWP) of a drug?

Red Book.

Which reference book allows monthly updates via loose-leaf pages?

Drug Facts and Comparisons.

What is the most widely used reference book in pharmacy?

Drug Facts and Comparisons.

If you need to identify a tablet by its markings, color, and shape, where would you look?

Ident-A-Drug.

What is a drug's bioavailability?

The proportion of the drug that enters the circulation and has an active effect.

What does DAW 1 mean?

Brand-name drug required by prescriber.

What does DAW 2 mean?

Patient requests brand-name drug, even though a generic is available.

What does a half-life tell you about a drug?

The time it takes for half the drug to be eliminated from the body.

Why do some medications come in extended-release forms?

To allow for less frequent dosing and more consistent drug levels.

What is the purpose of an auxiliary label?

To provide additional usage instructions or warnings (e.g., 'Take with food').

Which dosage form dissolves under the tongue?

Sublingual tablets.

What is the role of the FDA in pharmacy?

To approve new drugs and regulate medication safety and effectiveness.

What is a drug-drug interaction?

When one drug affects the activity of another, potentially causing harm or reducing effectiveness.

What is a therapeutic duplication?

When two drugs with similar effects are prescribed, increasing the risk of side effects.

What is a controlled substance?

A drug regulated by the DEA due to potential for abuse or dependence.

What is a prescription refill authorization?

Permission from a prescriber to dispense more medication without a new prescription.

What should a technician do if they receive a prescription with unclear instructions?

Consult the pharmacist for clarification.

What is a medication error?

Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or harm.

What is the NDC number?

A unique number identifying a drug's manufacturer, product, and package size.

Which law requires patient counseling for Medicaid patients?

OBRA '90 (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990).

What is the difference between a solution and a suspension?

Solutions are evenly dissolved, while suspensions have particles that settle and need shaking.

What is a formulary?

A list of approved medications covered by an insurance plan or used in a hospital.

What does PRN mean on a prescription?

As needed.

What does BID mean?

Twice a day.

What does QID mean?

Four times a day.

What should you do if a patient reports an adverse drug reaction?

Notify the pharmacist immediately.

What is compounding?

The process of mixing or altering ingredients to create a custom medication for a patient.

What is a black box warning?

The FDA's most serious warning about a drug's potential dangerous side effects.