Nutrition for an Active Lifestyle (Lesson 3)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from Lesson 3: Nutrition for an Active Lifestyle.

Macronutrients

The main nutrients required in large amounts—carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—that supply energy and support growth and body functions.

Carbohydrates

A macronutrient that provides the body’s primary source of energy; found in grains, fruits, vegetables, and sugars.

Proteins

A macronutrient used to build and repair body tissues; can also provide energy when needed.

Fats

A macronutrient that supplies concentrated energy and provides essential fatty acids.

Calorie

A unit of energy that measures how much energy a food provides; e.g., one banana ≈ 90 calories.

Diet

The pattern of foods and beverages consumed to fuel and nourish the body; not just a weight‑loss plan.

Energy Balance

The relationship between energy consumed (in) and energy expended (out); determines weight change.

Personal Preference

An individual's tastes and choices that influence what foods they eat.

Availability

How easily foods can be obtained in a given place or time.

Economy

The cost and affordability of foods affecting what is eaten.

Emotional Comfort

Eating to manage emotions or mood.

Weight and Nutritional Value

How heavy or perceived healthfulness of foods affects choices.

Social/Region/Location

Social norms, culture, and local availability that influence eating patterns.

Values/Beliefs

Personal beliefs or ethics that shape food choices.

Advertising

Marketing and media messages that influence what people want to eat.

Taste

The sensory appeal of food that affects food choices.

Philippine Food Pyramid

A visual daily eating guide providing a balance of foods for the Philippines to ensure nutrients and activity.

Hydration

Maintenance of body water; essential for performance and health; replacement of water lost through urine, sweat, breath, and defecation.

Dehydration

A condition that occurs when fluid loss exceeds intake, impairing normal body functions; can cause thirst, dizziness, etc.

Daily Water Intake

The recommended amount of water to drink daily: about 2.7 L for women and 3.7 L for men.

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)

The energy the body uses at rest to sustain essential physiological functions.

Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

The energy used to digest, absorb, metabolize, and store food (about 10% of energy expenditure).

Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA)

The energy cost of all muscular contractions from physical activities (about 15–30% of energy expenditure).

Major Components of Energy Expenditure

RMR, TEF, and TEA together make up total daily energy expenditure.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by distorted body image and self‑starvation leading to underweight.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder featuring binge eating with loss of control followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting or laxatives.

Body Image

An individual's perception of their own body size, shape, and attractiveness.

Eating Disorders

Psychological conditions involving abnormal eating patterns, including anorexia and bulimia.

Urine Color Chart

A guide to urine color indicating hydration status, from pale straw yellow (well hydrated) to brown (dehydrated).