MGT TEST2

Ethical Dilemma

The quandary people find themselves in when they have to decide if they should act in a way that might help another person/group even though doing so might go against their own self-interest.

Ethics

Moral principles, value, and beliefs that people use to analyze/interpret a situation and then decide what is right or wrong (to react, to behave, to say, etc.).

Stakeholders

Those who have an interest in an organization, who can be impacted (harm or benefit) by it.

Shareholders (= Stockholders)

People (or other organizations) that own shares of stock of a company.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

How companies/managers carry out their duty to protect, enhance, and promote the wellbeing of stakeholders and society as a whole.

Societal Ethics

What accepted as norms, values, and beliefs in society, sometimes handled through laws (ex

Occupational Ethics

Standards that govern members of certain professions (medicine

Individual Ethics

Personal values and beliefs that people use to determine how to act, and what their responsibilities are; how to act when their self-interest is at stake.

Organizational Ethics

Guiding practices and beliefs (value) of an organization and its managers; often documented in a "code of ethics" (ex

Diversity

Differences among people based on characteristics that are typically used to distinguish among people.

Perception

Using our senses to become aware of objects and relationships in order to gain information about the environment around us.

Social Perception

Making judgments about others.

Distributive Justice

The requirement to be fair when considering promotions, raises, duties, titles, etc.

Implicit Bias (Workplace Examples)

Unconscious assumptions or decisions, such as making an interview decision based on someone’s last name or making assumptions on someone’s job capabilities based on gender.

Explicit Bias (Workplace Examples)

Knowingly or consciously making decisions or assumptions, such as purposely hiring someone who was born in the US over someone who wasn’t or assuming an older person won’t be able to figure out the new software system.

Overt Discrimination

Knowingly and willingly denying individuals access to opportunities at work.

Leadership

The ability to motivate, guide, and support people to work together toward a shared goal.

Management

The use of authority from a formal rank to obtain compliance from organizational members; focuses on systems and structure, organizing and administering, and relying on control.

Power

The ability to influence another person.

Authority

The right to influence another person.

Dependence

The extent to which people rely on a powerful person.

Influence

The process of affecting the thoughts, behavior, and feelings of another person; turning power into action.

Transformational Leaders

Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization.

Transactional Leaders

Leaders who guide or motivate followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements.

Servant Leadership

A leader who strives to work for the benefit of others, shares power, develops staff, and focuses on well-being.

Globalization

The process of integrating economic, political, and social systems across countries.

Cultural Intelligence (CQ)

The ability to effectively function in culturally diverse settings and situations.

High Context Culture (Cross Cultural Communication)

Cultures that rely heavily on non-verbal cues.

Low Context Culture (Cross Cultural Communication)

Cultures that rely heavily on words.

Off-shoring

Using an unrelated organization outside your main country of operations to make products/services, often done for cost or certain skills.

Follow the Sun Concept

Work at a global company is passed from one country to another based on time zones, ensuring continuous coverage, often used for customer support/call centers.