innate immunity

Innate immunity

Born with it, nonspecific, seeks and destroys

Adaptive immunity

Changes throughout life, highly specific, gets info from antibodies and then destroys

Secondary organs

Lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils and MALT

Primary organs

Bone marrow and thymus

Lymph nodes

Filter lymph

Spleen

Filter blood

Tonsils

Filter stuff in face or ingest

MALT

Lines mucous membrane, and filters mucous membrane

Bone marrow

Majority of immune cells born here

Thymus

T cells mature here

Skin (structure, salt, sebum) and mucosa/MALT

What makes up the first line of defense?

Cells, proteins (cytokines and complement), fever and inflammation

What makes up the second line of defense?

Phagocytes

Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, mast cells

Myeloid line

Lymphocytes and natural killer cells

Lymphoid line

Break down nucleic acids, proteins etc, kill other infectious cells but can attack other healthy cells causing body to feel weak

How do granulocytes affect our body?

Surface receptors

Serve as the eyes and ears of the cell

Cytokines

Voices of the cell

Lymphocytes monocytes and natural killer cells

Agranuolocytes

Neutrophils

Specialize in bacteria

Eosinophils

Specialize in parasites

Blood

Where do monocytes reside?

Body tissues

Where do macrophages reside?

Body tissues and skin

Where do dendritic cells reside?

Macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-cells

What are antigen presenting cells?

Basophils

Blood, inflammatory cells

Mast cells

Mucous membrane, inflammatory cells

Natural killer cells

Destroy pathogens that has already infected a cell

Alternate pathway

Complement protein finds it

Leptin pathway

Cell finds it

Classical pathway

Antibodies find foreign invader

Opsonization

Surrounding pathogen in protein to enhance phagocytosis

Vasodilation helps blood get faster to site, immune cells get to infection quicker as well

Why does inflammation happen?

Pyrogens get released by cells that are killed

Why does fever occur?

Enhance inflammatory response, multiplication of lymphocytes, and release WBC from bone marrow ETC, causes negative side effects such as shivering sweat and etc.

What do pyrogens do?

Chemokines

Movement toward immune cells

Colony stimulating factors

multiplication and differentiation of leukocytes

Interleukins

Bind to new cells; make faster, stronger, and enhances them

Tumor necrosis factor

Induces inflammation

Interferons

Attracts natural killer cells

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Detects stuff isn’t supposed to be there