Period 4

What were the main beliefs of the Federalists?

Strong central government and support for manufacturing.

What were the main beliefs of the Democratic-Republicans?

Limited central government and support for farming.

Who was the president from 1800 to 1808?

Thomas Jefferson.

What significant tax did Thomas Jefferson repeal?

The whiskey tax.

What was the Louisiana Purchase?

In 1803, Thomas Jefferson purchased land from Napoleon for $15 million, which contradicted his ideals.

Who led the Corps of Discovery?

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.

What was established by the Marbury v. Madison case?

Judicial Review.

What did McCulloch v. Maryland establish?

National law trumps state laws when they contradict.

What was a significant military conflict during Jefferson's presidency?

The War of 1812.

What caused the War of 1812?

Increased impressment and issues on the frontier with British-aided Native attacks.

What did the Hartford Convention threaten?

Federalists threatened to secede from the Union.

What was the outcome of the War of 1812?

No clear winner, but a swell in nationalism and the demise of the Federalist Party.

What was Henry Clay's American System?

A plan for federally funded internal improvements, federal tariffs, and the Second National Bank.

What did the Tallmadge Amendment propose?

To ban slavery in Missouri after 25 years (not passed).

What did the Missouri Compromise achieve?

Missouri was admitted as a slave state, and Maine as a free state, setting the 36-30 line.

What did the Adams-Onis Treaty accomplish?

Sold Florida to America.

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

A policy stating that European nations should not intervene in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.

What did the Erie Canal do?

Linked western farms with eastern manufacturing.

Who invented the cotton gin?

Eli Whitney.

What is commercial farming?

Farming conducted primarily for sale rather than for personal consumption.

What was the primary goal of Nativists?

To oppose immigrants, often labeling them negatively.

What were the conditions of workers in factories like the Lowell Factory?

Meager wages for long hours, around 12-13 hours a day.

What financial crisis occurred in 1819?

Panic of 1819, caused by state bank bankruptcies and decreased demand for goods.

What voting rights changes occurred after the Panic of 1819?

Many states lessened or removed land ownership requirements to vote.

Who were the main candidates in the election of 1824?

Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson.

What was the 'Corrupt Bargain' in the election of 1824?

Henry Clay supported Adams, helping him win despite Jackson's popular vote.

What did the Tariff of 1828 do?

Raised prices by 40%, helping northern manufacturers but hurting southern economies.

What is John C. Calhoun's view on nullification?

States could declare federal laws unconstitutional and nullify them.

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

Legislation that forced Native Americans to relocate west of the Mississippi River.

Who was Joseph Smith?

Founder of Mormonism who wrote the Book of Mormon.

What was the purpose of the American Temperance Society?

To promote temperance among lower-class men to increase productivity.

What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention?

It declared women's equality with men and advocated for women's rights.

What was Nat Turner's Rebellion?

An uprising in 1831 where Nat Turner and others killed 57 white people.

What was the outcome of the Amistad Rebellion?

Africans aboard the Amistad were ultimately freed by the Supreme Court.