question exam 2

1. Temperature is ____ . (5.1)
(a) a relative measure of hotness and coldness
(b) a measure of the average molecular kinetic energy of a
substance
(c) both (a) and (b)

c

2. Which unit of the following is smaller?
a) Fahrenheit
(b) one kelvin
(c) one degree Celsius

a) Fahrenheit

3. Which of the following is the largest unit of heat energy? (5.2) (a) calorie
(b) kilocalorie (c) joule
(d) Btu

(b) kilocalorie

4. The specific heat of substance A is 10 times that of substance B. If equal amounts of heat are added to equal masses of the substances, then the temperature increase of substance A would be ____. (5.3)
(a) the same as that of B (b) 10 times that of B
(c) one-tenth that of B (d) none of the preceding

(c) one-tenth that of B

5. Which of the following methods of heat transfer generally involves mass movement? (5.4)
(a) conduction
(b) convection
(c) radiation

(b) convection

6 The heat we get from the Sun is transferred through space by which process? (5.4)
(a) conduction
(b) convection
(c) radiation

(c) radiation

7Which of the following has both definite shape and definite volume? (5.5)
(a) solids
(b) liquids
(c) gases

a solids

8 Which of the following has a definite volume but no definite shape? (5.5)
(a) solid
(b) liquid
(c) gas
(d) plasma

(b) liquid

Force per unit area

I kinetic theory

Raises the temperature of 1 pound of water one Fahrenheit degree

btu

Solid liquid and gas

States of matter

Never decreases in isolated system

entropy

Converted heat into work

heat engine

Dynamics of heat

Thermodynamics

Energy transferred because of temperature difference

Heat

Tell us what time and what cannot happen thermodynamically

Second law of thermodynamics

What is the temperature of 1 g of water 1 Celsius degree

Calorie

Same size as degrees Celsius

Kevin

Transfer of heat by mass movement

convection

Thermal dynamic conservation of energy

First law of thermodynamics

Scale based on absolute zero

Kelvin scale

heat associated with phase change

latent heat

Common temperature scale in the United States

Fahrenheit scale

Describe gases in terms of moving molecules

e pressure

Transfer of heat by molecular collisions

conduction

Transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves

radiation

Water has the highest

specific heat

Uses work to transfer her to a high temperature reservoir

Celsius scale

A measure of average molecular kinetic energy

temperature

11. When heat is added to a system, it goes into which of the fol- lowing? (5.7)
(a) doing work only(b) adding to the internal energy only(c) doing work, increasing the internal energy, or both

(c) doing work, increasing the internal energy, or both

12. The direction of a natural process is indicated by which of the following? (5.7)
(a) conservation of energy (b) change in entropy(c) thermal efficiency(d) specific heat

(b) change in entropy

Regions of sound

sound spectrum

equal to (landa)/T

wave speed

Waveforms caused by wave interference

standing waves

Longitudinal waves that propagate through matter

sound

Distance between two wave maxima

wavelength

Unit equivalent to 1(cycle)/s

Hertz

Apparent change of frequency because of relative motion

Doppler effect

Unit of sound intensity level

decibel

f > 20,000 Hz

ultrasound

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

speed of light in a vacuum

k. _____ Particle motion perpendicular to wave velocity

transverse wave

l. _____ Time to travel one wavelength

period

_____ Propagation of energy after a disturbancen.

waves

___ Maximum energy transfer to a system

reasonences

o. _____ Rate of transfer of sound energy through a given area

intensity

p. _____ Number of oscillations per timeq.

frequency

u. _____ A spectrum of waves, including visible light

Electromagnetic spectrum

_____ Particle motion and wave velocity parallel

Longitude wave

s. _____ Indicates movement of a receding source

redshift

_____ Maximum displacement of wave particle

amplitude

_____ In air, its value is 344 m/s at 20°Cr.

speed of sound

If a piece of ribbon were tied to a stretched string carrying a trans- verse wave, then how is the ribbon observed to oscillate? (6.2)
(a) perpendicular to wave direction
(b) parallel to wave direction
(c) neither (a) nor (b)
(d) both (a) and (b)

a) perpendicular to wave direction

A wave with particle oscillation parallel to the direction of propagation is a(n) _____. (6.2)
(a) transverse wave
(b) longitudinal wave
(c) light wave
(d) none of the preceding

(b) longitudinal wave

How fast do electromagnetic waves travel in vacuum? (6.3) (a) 3.00 3 108 m/s (b) 9.8 m/s2(c) 344 m/s (d) 3.44 3 106 m/s

a

The energy of a wave is related to the square of which of the following? (6.2)
(a) amplitude (c) wavelength
(b) frequency (d) period

(a) amplitude

Which one of the following regions has frequencies slightly less than the visible region in the electromagnetic spectrum? (6.3) (a) radio wave (b) ultraviolet(c) infrared (d) microwave

c) infrared

Which of the following is true for electromagnetic waves? (6.3)
(a) They have different speeds in vacuum for different fre-
quencies.
(b) They are longitudinal waves.
(c) They require a medium for propagation.
(d) They are transverse waves.

(b) They are longitudinal waves.

The speed of sound is generally greatest in ____.

gases

9. A sound with an intensity level of 30 dB is how many times louder than the threshold of hearing? (6.4)(a) 10 (b) 3000(c) 100 (d) 1000

d

10. A sound has an intensity level of 60 dB. If the sound were to double its intensity, what would be the intensity level?(a) 57 dB (b) 60 dB(c) 63 dB (d) 120 dB

c

8. Which of the following sound frequencies could be heard by the human ear? (6.4)(a) ,20 Hz (b) 20-20,000 Hz(c) .20,000 Hz (d) all of the preceding

b

11. A moving observer approaches a stationary sound source. What does the observer hear? (6.5)
(a) an increase in frequency
(b) a decrease in frequency
(c) the same frequency as the source

a

12. If an astronomical light source were moving toward us, then what would be observed? (6.5)
(a) a blueshift
(b) a shift toward longer wavelengths
(c) a shift toward lower frequencies
(d) a sonic boom

a

13. Which of the following occur(s) when a stretched string is shaken at one of its natural frequencies? (6.6)
(a) standing waves
(b) resonance
(c) maximum energy transfer

d

Ratio of light speeds in vacuum and medium

index of refraction

Bending of light waves passing through slits and around corners

Diffraction

Combined waveform is given by sum of individual displacements

Principle of superposition

Lens thicker at the center than at the edge

converging lens

A change in the direction of light at a surface

reflection

Light that is plane polarized

linearly polarized light

Refraction of wavelengths at slightly different angles

diversion

Distance from vertex to focal point

focal length

Reflection back into same medium

total internal reflection

Preferential orientation of field vectors

polarization

straight line that represents the path of light

ray

Parallel light rays converge and pass through mirror focal point

Concave converging mirror

Amplitude of combined wave form is smaller

destructive interference

Reflection from a relatively rough surface

diffuse reflection

Lens thicker at the edge than at the center

concave (diverging) lens

Image for which light rays diverge and cannot form an image

virtual image

Reflection from a very smooth surface

specular reflection

A change in direction when going from one medium into another

refraction

amplitude of combined waveform is greater

real image

Parallel light rays appear to diverge from mirror focal

Converse diverging Mirror

1. For ray reflections from a surface, which statement is true? (7.1)
(a) The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
(b) The reflection angle is measured from a line perpendicular
to the reflecting surface.
(c) The rays lie in the same plane.
(d) All the preceding are true.

d

2. To what does the law of reflection apply? (7.1)
(a) regular reflection (b) specular reflection (c) diffuse reflection
(d) all the preceding

d

3. What is the case when the angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence? (7.2)
(a) The critical angle is exceeded.
(b) The first medium is less dense.
(c) The second medium has a smaller index of refraction.
(d) The speed of light is greater in the second medium.

4. Fiber optics relies on _____. (7.2)
(a) reflection (b) refraction total internal reflection or all

Total internal reflection

5. A plane mirror _____. (7.3)
(a) produces both real and virtual images
(b) always produces a virtual image
(c) always produces a real image
(d) produces no image

Always produces a real image

6. The image produced by a convex mirror is always _____. (7.3)
(a) real and inverted
(b) real and upright
(c) virtual and inverted
(d) virtual and upright

d

7. Which is true for a real image? (7.3)
(a) It is always magnified.
(b) It is formed by converging light rays.
(c) It is formed behind a mirror.
(d) It occurs only for Di 5 Do.

(

b

8. Which is true of a virtual image? (7.4)

It is formed on the object side of the lens

10. What happens when the polarization directions of two polar- izing sheets are at an angle of 90° to each other? (7.5)
(a) No light is transmitted.
(b) There is maximum transmission.
(c) Maximum transmission is reduced by 50%.
(d) None of the preceding.

a

9. Which of the following is true of a concave lens? (7.4)
(a) It is a converging lens.
(b) It is thicker at the center than at the edge.
(c) It is a lens that forms virtual images for Do . f.
(d) It is a lens that forms real images for Do . f.

c

Net electron flow in one direction

direct current

Steps voltages up and down

transformer

Relates voltage and current to resistance

Ohm's Law

E = F/q+ mapping

Electric field

local regions of alignment

magnetic domains