PLTW Human Body Systems Honors

Anterior (ventral)

front of the body

Posterior (dorsal)

back of body

Inferior

below

Superior

above

Medial

Toward the midline of the body

Distal

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Proximal

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Distal

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Proximal

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

superficial

(adj.) on or near the surface; concerned with or understanding only what is on the surface, shallow

Deep

Away from the body surface; more internal

Ventral

belly side

Dorsal

toward the back

Abdominal

The body space between the thorax(chest) and pelvis

Antecubital

The area anterior the elbow

Axillary

Relating to the armpit

Brachial

relating to the arm

Buccal

cheek

Calcaneal

heel of foot

Carpal

wrist

Cephalic

head

Cervical

neck

Coxal

hip

digital

fingers, toes

Femoral

thigh

Gluteal

buttock

Inguinal

groin

Lumbar

lower back

Nasal

nose

Occipital

back of head

Olecranal

back of elbow

Oral

mouth

Orbital

eye

Patellar

kneecap

Pelvic

Located between the abdomen and the legs

Popiteal

back of knee

Sacral

between hips

Scapula

shoulder blade

Sternal

breastbone

Tarsal

ankle

Thoracic

chest

Umbilical

belly button

Vertebral

spine

Mandible

lower jaw

Maxilla

upper jaw

Zygomatic bone

cheek bone

Frontal Bone

forehead

Temporal Bone

bone that forms parts of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial activity. There is a right and left temporal bone.

Occipital

back of head

Parietal Bone

either of two skull bones between the frontal and occipital bones and forming the top and sides of the cranium

orbicularis oris

closes lips

orbicularis oculi

closes eye

Temporalis

closes jaw

skull

cranium

Mandible

lower jaw

Sternum

breastbone

Radius

lateral bone of the forearm

Phalanges

fingers, toes

Scapula

shoulder blade

Tibia

shin bone

pelvic girdle

hip bones

Tarsals

ankle bones

Patella

kneecap

Humerus

upper arm bone

rib cage

protects the heart and lungs

Fibula

calf bone,

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

vertebral column

spine

Carpals

wrist bones

Metecarpals

hand bones

Femur

thigh bone

Metatarsals

foot bones

Clavicle

collar bone

Ulna

medial bone of the forearm

connective tissue

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

epithelial tissue

A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out

muscle tissue

A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.

nervous tissue

A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.

integumentary system

Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail

skeletal muscle

A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones.

Muscular System

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.

lymphatic system

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

respiratory system

Brings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide.

digestive system

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.

nervous system

the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems

endocrine system

the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

cardiovascular system

heart and blood vessels

urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

reproductive system

Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes)