Musculoskeletal system - pathology finals

1. DIRECT

2. HEMATOGENOUS

2 Portals of entry in muscular systems

RHABDOMYOLYSIS

Term for Necrosis of skeletal muscle

MYOGLOBINURIA

Invariable feature of rhabdomyolysis, and clinically myoglobin could be demonstrated in the urine

CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE

Elevated result of this serum level is one of the most important diagnostic criteria of rhabdomyolysis

SELENIUM OR VITAMIN E

Nutritional myopathies occur because of the deficiency in this vitamins

NUTRITIONAL MYOPATHY

Muscles display yellow and white streaks due to necrotic myofibers

Over time, as these myofibers calcify, white streaks with a chalky texture become visible

NEONATAL ANIMALS

They are the most commonly affected by nutritional myopathy because they depend on selenium stores acquired during gestation

SATELLITE CELLS

Are the stem cells responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration

INTACT BASAL LAMINA (SARCOLEMMAL TUBE)

Is essential for successful muscle regeneration; otherwise, healing occurs by fibrosis (scar formation)

TOXIC MYOPATHY

Common in livestock due to ingestion of myotoxins from toxic plants, hay or contaminated feed

MUSCLE ENZYMES (CK, AST)

What serum increases in toxic myopathy

TYPING UP SYNDROME

In horses, exertional rhabdomyolysis is known as?

1. CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGES

2. CLOSTRIDIUM CHAUVOEI

3. CLOSTRIDIUM SEPTICUM

4. CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI

What are the causative agents in Clostridial myositis

TRUE

True or False: Toxemia is typical and often lethal

CLOSTRIDIUM SEPTICUM

Causative agent of Clostridium myositis in horses

VIRAL MYOPATHIES

A type of dieses in myopathy that appears as small, poorly defined foci or streaks

1. NEOSPORA CANINUM

2. HEPATOZOAN AMERICANUM

3. TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI

4. TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS

• Most parasitic muscle infections are clinically insignificant. Important pathogens include:

SARCOCYSTIS SPP

This parasitic agent has incidental findings and cause little to no inflammation because the cyst are intracellular

SARCOCYSTIS

The ff description are characteristics of what parasite:

• Gray-white nodules within the muscles indicate the locations of Sarcocystis cysts

• Horizontally elongated, encysted protozoan which appear dark purple

RHABDOMYOMA

Term for benign tumor of skeletal muscles

RHABDOMYOSARCOMA

Term for malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

HEART AND LUNGS

Rhabdomyoma usually affects what organs?

URINARY BLADDER

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma affects what organ that causes grape like appearance