Pharm Test 1

drug

any chemical that can affect living processes

pharmacology

study of drugs and their interactions with living systems

clinical pharmacology

study of drugs in humans

therapeutics or pharmacotherapeutics

the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or prevent pregnancy

3 most important properties of an ideal drug

effectiveness, safety, and selectivity

therapeutic objective of drug therapy

to provide maximum benefit with minimum harm

factors that determine intensity of drug responses

administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and sources of individual variation

pharmacokinestics

study of drug movement throughout the body including drug metabolism and drug excretion

3 ways drugs cross cell membrane

1. pass through channels or pores

2. pass with the help of transport systems

3. penetrate the membrane

P-glycoprotein

transmembrane protein that transports a wide variety of drugs out of cells

role of p-glycoprotein in liver

transports drugs into the bile for elimination

role of p-glycoprotein in kidney

pumps drugs into the urine for excretion

role of p-glycoprotein in placenta

transports drugs back into the maternal blood

role of p-glycoprotein in brain

pumps drugs into the blood to limit drugs access to the brain

lipid soluble (lipophilic)

drug must be what to penetrate membranes

absorption

movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood, the rate of this determines how soon effects will begin and the amount determines how intense effects will be

factors that effect drug absorption

rate of dissolution, surface area, blood flow, lipid solubility, pH partitioning

assessment when giving drugs in nursing process

pre administration assessment and data collection

analysis when giving drugs in nursing process

nursing diagnoses and if the drug is appropriate

implementation/intervention when giving drugs in nursing process

drug administration, therapeutic effect, adverse reactions, and patient education

evaluation when giving drugs in nursing process

therapeutic responses, interactions, and is the patient satisfied with treatment?