Blastocystis hominis and Balantidium coli

lower intestinal tract

Inhabitant of Blastocystis hominis

binary fission/sporulation

Reproduction of Blastocystis hominis

Vacuolated

• most predominant form; cause diarrhea

• spherical

• large central vacuole: reproductive organelle pushes the cytoplasm and nuclei to the periphery

Thick-walled cyst

responsible for external transmission of Blastocystis hominis

Thin-walled cyst

Responsible for reinfection of Blastocystis hominis

ingestion of cyst from contaminated food or water, fecal-oral route

Mode of transmission of Blastocystis hominis

Blastocystosis

disease associated with Blastocystis hominis

1. direct examination

2. concentration technique

3. Permanent slides

4. Culture

Laboratory diagnosis for Bastocystis hominis

• hematoxylin stain

• Trichrome stain

Stains for Blastocystis hominis

• Boeck and Drbohlav’s meda

• Nelson and Jones media

culture media for Blastocystis hominis

1. Metronidazole

2. Iodoquinol

Treatment of choice for Blastocystis hominis

White Blood Cells and Yeast cells

Artifacts confused with B. hominis

Ciliophora

Classification of Balantidium coli

Balantidiasis

Disease associated with Balantidium coli

Pigs and swine

Primary reservoir of B. coli

transverse binary fission, conjugation

reproduction of B. coli

boring, rotary motility

Motility of Balantidium coli trophozoite

Cilia

for locomotion

Cytostome

• oral apparatus

• taper anterior end

Cytopyge

• waste excretion

• rounded posterior end

Macronucleus

• kidney shaped

• vegetative and asexual reproduction

Micronucleus

• round

• sexual reproduction

Osmoregulatory organelles

two contractile vacuoles of B. coli functions as?

ingestion of food and/or water contaminated with Balantidium coli cyst

Mode of transmission of B. coli

Cyst

infective stage of B. coli

4-5 days

Incubation period of Balantidium coli

Several weeks

cyst viability of Balantidium coli

Hyaluronidase

lytic enzyme produced by trophozoite of B. coli

Rounded base with wide neck ulcers

Ulcer formed caused by hyaluronidase

1. direct examination

2. concentration techniques

3. sigmoidoscopy

Laboratory diagnosis for Balantidium coli

• Tetracycline

• Metronidazole

Treatment of choice for B. coli