pharm 3 part 2 Side Effects / Adverse Reactions

Diuretics

Common Side Effects: Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypokalemia), dehydration, hypotension.

Nitrates

Common Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, hypotension, reflex tachycardia.

Phenazopyridine

• Common Side Effects: Urine discoloration (red/orange), gastrointestinal upset.

• Adverse Reactions: Potential carcinogenicity based on animal studies; not FDA-approved.

Thiazide Diuretics

Common Side Effects: Electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, hypotension.

Sotalol

• Common Side Effects: Bradycardia, fatigue, dizziness.

• Adverse Reactions: Proarrhythmic effects, especially in patients with renal impairment.

SSRIs

• Common Side Effects: Nausea, insomnia, sexual dysfunction.

• Adverse Reactions: Increased risk of suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults.

Lithium Toxicity

Symptoms: Tremors, confusion, ataxia, seizures, renal failure.

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

• Common Side Effects: Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects.

• Adverse Reactions: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), tardive dyskinesia.

Fluphenazine (Prolixin)

• Common Side Effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), sedation.

• Adverse Reactions: NMS, tardive dyskinesia.

Risperidone (Risperdal)

• Common Side Effects: Weight gain, sedation, metabolic changes.

• Adverse Reactions: EPS, NMS.

. Serotonin Syndrome

Symptoms: Agitation, hyperreflexia, fever, diaphoresis, tremor.

Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms

Symptoms: Tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability.

MAO-B Inhibitors / Tyramine Diet

• Precautions: Avoid foods high in tyramine (e.g., aged cheeses, cured meats) to prevent hypertensive crisis.