COAL MIDTERM EXAM ENUMERATION

Data Processing

The function of a computer that involves manipulating data to produce meaningful information.

Data Storage

The function of a computer that involves saving data for later use.

Data Movement

The function of a computer that involves transferring data between different components.

Control

The function of a computer that manages and directs operations.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main component of a computer that performs calculations and executes instructions.

Main Memory

The storage area in a computer where data is temporarily held for quick access by the CPU.

Input/Output

The interfaces through which a computer communicates with the external environment.

System Interconnection

The method by which different components of a computer are connected and can communicate.

Control Unit

The component of the CPU that directs operations and manages the execution of instructions.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit

The part of the CPU responsible for performing arithmetic calculations and logical operations.

Registers

Small, fast storage locations within the CPU used to hold temporary data.

CPU Interconnection

The connections and pathways used for communication between components within the CPU.

Core (in multicore computer structure)

An individual processing unit within a multicore processor.

Processor

The primary component of a computer that carries out instructions.

Organizational Attributes of IoT

Characteristics that pertain to the organizational deployment of Internet of Things technologies.

Operational Technology

Hardware and software that detects or causes changes through direct monitoring and control of physical devices.

Personal Technology

Devices and systems that allow individuals to use technology for personal or individual purposes.

Architectural Attributes

Design characteristics that define the structure of an IoT system.

Sensor/Actuator Technology

Components that sense environmental conditions or act to change them in IoT systems.

Information Technology

The use of computers and software to manage information.

Motherboard

The main printed circuit board in a computer that connects all components.

Chip

A small piece of semiconductor material that contains integrated circuits.

Integrated Circuit

A set of electronic circuits on a small chip of semiconductor material.

Vacuum Tubes

Early electronic devices used in the first generation of computers to control electric current.

Transistors

Semiconductor devices that can amplify or switch electronic signals.

Integrated Circuits

Microelectronic devices consisting of numerous transistors on a single chip.

Microprocessor

A compact integrated circuit that contains the functions of a CPU.

Main memory (IAS structure)

The component of a computer that stores data and instructions temporarily.

Instructions Fetch (IF)

The process of retrieving an instruction from memory.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Cloud computing service model that delivers virtualized computing resources over the internet.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Cloud computing model that provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Cloud computing service model that delivers software applications over the internet.

Gate

Basic electronic components that control the flow of electricity.

Memory Cells

Basic units of a memory device used to store data.

Program Counter (PC)

A register that contains the address of the next instruction to be executed.

Instruction Register (IR)

A register that holds the currently executing instruction.

Data Lines

Bus lines that carry data between components in a computer.

Address Lines

Bus lines that carry the address to which data is being sent or from which data is being retrieved.

Control Lines

Bus lines that carry commands to control data movement.