Blood Vessels & Cardiovascular Physiology

lumen, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

structure of blood vessel - inner to outer

heart, elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart

heart and blood vessel pathway

endothelium (simple squamous)

1

subendothelial layer (CT)

2

internal elastic membrane (muscular artery)

3

tunica intima

4

smooth muscle, elastic fibers

5

external elastic membrane (muscular artery)

6

tunica media

7

tunica externa (collagen fibers)

8

tunica media

thickest layer in arteries

tunica externa

thickest layer of veins

one, endothelium, basement membrane

capillaries - __ cell layer, made of __ and ___

continuous capillaries, tight junctions

A

fenestrated capillaries

B

sinusoidal capillaries

C

least permeable, nervous tissue, muscle, skin

continuous capillaries

semi permeable, filtration and absorption, intestines, kidneys

fenestrated capillaries

most permeable, liver, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes

sinusoidal capillaries

thick tunica media

arteries maintain shape bec

thin walls

veins collapsed bec

artery, very round

A

vein, big lumen

B

highest pressure (elastic), carries blood away from heart

artery

lowest pressure, carries blood toward heart

vein

nutrient exchange, smallest blood vessel

capillary

SA node, generate impulses

5

AV node, where impulses pause

4

bundle of HIS, transmits impulse from atria to ventricle

3

R/L bundle branches, conduct impulses through interventricular septum

2&6

purkinje fibers, depolarize both ventricles

1&7

64 to 72 bpm, 72 to 80 bpm

normal ECG for men and women

less than 60 bpm

Bradycardia

more than 100 bpm

Tachycardia

artery, contraction, relaxation, left ventricle

pulse/ heart rate is alternating surges of pressure in an ___ that occur with each ___ and ___ of _____

systolic minus diastolic

Pulse pressure equals

diastolic plus 1/3 pulse pressure

mean arterial pressure MAP equals

resumption, blood flow, occlusion

sound of korotkoff = characteristic sound indicating ___ of __ ___ into forearm after ____

carotid

pulse the strongest

dorsalis pedis

pulse the weakest

pushes water out of capillary via filtration

hydrostatic pressure

draws water into capillary via osmosis

osmotic pressure

begins at right ventricle, ends at left atrium

pulmonary circuit

systole, contraction

depolarization followed by

diastole, relaxation

repolarization followed by

p

atrial depolarization

qrs

ventricular depolarization

t

ventricular repolarization

atrial diastole

red

atrial systol

blue

atrial diastole

green

ventricular diastole

yellow

ventricular systol

pink

ventricular diastole

purple