MORAL ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT TEST

for every action there are

three sources of morality

what are the three sources of morality

object, intention, circumstances

object

the act itself

intention

your motive

circumstances

conditions that affect the seriousness of the act, increase/decreases a person's responsibility

how many sources must be good for an action to be morally good

3

intrinsically evil

acts that are never morally good under any circumstances

what type of approach to morality is the three sources of morality approach?

a deontology approach which considers the moral laws before acting. it asks what is my duty/obligations

discernment

determining what our specific call in life is

moral methods

approaches to determine right from wrong (deontology, strict consequentalism, utilitarianism)

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deontology

considers the moral laws before acting, what is my duty?

strict consequentialism

considers consequences of actions only

utilitarianism

asks what action makes the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amount of people

two words that can be used interchangeably

morality + ethics

what is the CDF

congregation for the doctrine of faith, it was a vatican congregation that used to be the inquisition

what questions said the baby lab attempt to answer

are humans morally good and are we born with a blank slate

why are babies used in research

because they aren't influenced by families, education and experiences yet

baby lab experiment #1

used puppets to determine if babies like the bad puppet or the good puppet. they found out that babies like good puppets and want the bad puppets to be treated poorly.

baby lab experiment #2

found that younger kids picked less for themselves as long as the other person got none. older kids gave the others a lot even if they got none.

baby lab results

babies know right from wrong, but they think it'll be safer to be surrounded by people that are similar to them

blank slate

babies are born with nothing and you get everything through experiences

haidt's thought on blank slate

bad idea, kids know a lot about physical and social worlds

haidt's first draft of the moral mind

nature provides a first draft that can change and everyone has it but how they develop depends on culture/experiences/family etc

what is on the first draft?

harm/care, fairness/reciprocity, ingroup/loyalty, authority/respect, purity/sanctity, liberty/oppression

haidt's tongue theory

humans have moral receptors (like taste buds on tongue) that helps show that morality is more than just harm and fairness

haidt's three principles in his theory

intuitions come first, strategic reasoning comes second, there's more to orality than harm and fairness and morality binds and blinds

elephant and rider theory

automatic responses run the human mind instead of controlled

rider

controlled processes, reasoning

elephant

automatic processes, emotion and intuition

ecumencial councils

bishops all over the world meet

encyclicals

letters made by the pope about issues they want to address

catechism of the catholic church

summaries of catholic teachings on catholic faith

documents produced by vatican congregations

groups that advice the pope

pastoral letters

written by bishops individually or a group

harm/care

learn care from offspring who need care for a long time

fairness/reciprocity

treat others the way you want to be treated

ingroup/loyalty

cooperation in groups and loyalty to one another

authority/respect

humans give power to people even if they're not strong

purity/sanctity

what you do and put in your body

green

morality uses the same cognitive functions that people use for everyday decisions

gray

dyadic morality

bloom

studies infants, babies like good guys and not bad guys

haidt

rejected blank slate, first draft idea and the elephant + rider idea

pinker

optimist thinks that the world is improving since there's a decrease in globalization and wealth no longer being based on land

gilligan

suggested that males and females have different orientations toward morality

kohlberg

study males from child to adult and identified 6 stages, he thinks that justice is the key to morality