RAD 101 Week 2

Body Thorax

Part of the skeletal system. Protects the organs and provides physical structure. Composed fo the sternum, 2 clavicles, 2 scapulae, 12 pairs of ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae.

Vertebra Prominens Landmark

Located at T1 of the body

Jugular Notch Landmark

Located at T2/T3 of the body

Sternal Angle Landmark

Located at T4/T5

Xiphoid Process Landmark

Located at T9/T10

Respiratory System

Main function is to transport gases in and out of the body. Composed of the pharynx, trachea, Bronchi, and lungs.

Inspiration

Breathing in

Expiration

Breathing out

Pharynx

The passageway for food, water, and air. Composed of the Nasopharynx (behind the nose), Oropharynx (behind the mouth), and laryngopharynx (extends from the epiglottus to the esophagus)

Trachea

Begins at C6 and goes to T4/T5. Connects the larynx to the bronchi tree and has 16-20 c-shaped rings of cartilage

Larynx

The voice organ, contains the vocal cords, suspended by the hyoid bone, composed of thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and the epiglottis

Endocrine Glands

Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Thymus gland.

Thyroid Gland

Decreases calcium in the blood. More radiosensitive than other organs or structures.

Parathyroid Gland

Increases Calcium in the blood

Thymus Gland

Influential in the development of the immune system. Disappears in adulthood.

Carina

Splits the bronchial tree into right and left primary bronchi

When food is aspirated, which primary bronchus is the food more likely to go into?

The right primary bronchus. It is wider, shorter, and more vertical

How many secondary bronchi does the right primary bronchus split into?

3 Secondary Bronchi

How many secondary bronchi does the left primary bronchus split into?

2 Secondary Bronchi

Lungs

Made is parenchyma tissue. Each lung has a double-walled sac called the pleura

Pneumothroax

Air in the pleural cavity

Hemothroax

Blood in the pleural cavity

Pleural Effusion

Fluid in the pleural cavity

Atelectasis

Partial or full collapse of the lungs

How many lobes and fissures does the right lung have?

3 lobes and 2 fissures (one horizontal and one oblique)

How many lobes and fissures does the left lung have?

2 Lobes and one horizontal fissure

Costophrenic angles

Outermost lower corner of each lung

Cardiophrenic Angles

Angles of the lung closest to the heart

Hilum

The root of the chest region. The bronchi, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves pass through the hilum

Mediastinum

The medial portion of the thoracic cavity. Composed of the Thymus gland, heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus

Inferior Vena Cava

Vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body

Superior Vena Cava

Vein that returns blood from the upper half of the body