History multiple choice

Cold War -

A period of tension between the United states and the soviet union and their respective allies. from 1847-1991

Causes of Cold War -

Communism vs democracy and fear of communism , post war disagreements, nuclear war powers. soviet control of eastern europe.

Declaration of Liberated Europe -

At the yalta conferences they took a pledged that they would hold free election and choose their own government 

Divided Germany -

they were divided in east and west germany west was controlled by the USSR and the east was controlled by the US and the US has a democratic  government and the west had a communist government. 

Potsdam Conference -

USSR controlled most of eastern Europe + Baltic States = pro-Soviet communist governments established (satellite nations) = Declaration of Liberated Europe not upheld

Satellite nations -

A nation's communist countries of Eastern Europe  politically and economically dominated or controlled by another more powerful country. 

George Kennan/Long Telegram -

February of 1946 Kenna wrote an extensive telegram outline his views on the soviet union.

Truman Doctrine  -

announced by the U.S president Harry S. Truman in 1947 and it was a response to the optical instability in greece and turkey with containment military and economic aid , global commitment 

Marshall Plan  -

the European Recovery programs launched in 1948 to give  them financial aid to rebuild after the war. 

Berlin airlift -

The soviet created a blockade so the US won't be able to bring weapons  and supply germany but they could go around it so they  went over successfully. 

NATO  -

the North atlantic Treaty organization was a very important military alliances 

Chiang Kai-shek - 

former president of the republic of china. 

Mao Zedong -

a chairman of the chinese  communist party

Limited war -

An American policy in Asia that remained committed to limited war that was fought to achieve a limited communism.

Korean War/causes of war + reasons Truman fired MacArthur -

The division of north and south korea after ww2  and MacArthur was fired because he wanted to do a all out war and truman did not. 

Subversion -

A systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using a person working secretly  within. 

Loyalty review program -  

established by Truman (1947) = screened all federal employees for their loyalty aim = calm Americans; result = lead to fear that Communists had infiltrated the gov’t

Whittaker Chambers -

Chambers = Time magazine editor + former communist = confessed to spying for USSR during 1930s (to HUAC), Chambers revealed microfilms of “secret” documents he claimed Hiss passed to him = Bureau of Standards data = available at most public libraries

Alger Hiss -

Alger Hiss (veteran of FDR’s State Department + FDR’s advisor at Yalta) as fellow communist = denied accusations + sued Chambers for slander

Perjury -

the act of deliberately  providing false information or lying while under oath. 

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg  - .

Julius Rosenberg and his wife (former gov’t engine) was accused of stealing + plotting to convey atomic secrets to Soviet agents during World War II Gov’ts case rested on testimony by their supposed accomplices and than was caught by FBI and found guilt an executed 

Project Venona -

a secret U.S government program that began during world war 11 and through  into the cold war it undiscovered soviet espionage activities in the united states. 

Internal Security Act/McCarran Act -

enacted in 1950 in the United states  that included registration of communist organizations and detention of suspected subversives , restriction on immigration , and government oversight. 

McCarthyism -

a senator from Wisconsin that climbed 200 communist working in the state department. and caused a lot of people  to get fired  on false allegations and he mostly accused  people with little political clout.

Censure -

a forma; expression of disapproval or condemnation. 

Fallout/fallout shelters -

a place where people go during nuclear war attacks to survive.

Sputnik -

1^st artificial satellite to orbit the earth = launched by Soviets on October 4^th, 1957 = made Americans worry they were falling behind in missile technology

NASA  - .

to help with further space exploration before the soviets did

National Defense Education Act -

enacted in 1958 in the United states in response to the Soviet release of the first artificial satellite. so we can grow in math and sciences. 

John Foster Dulles - 

secretary of states under president Dwight D and contributed to containment policy , brinkmanship  mutual defence alliances.

Brinkmanship -

President Eisenhower’s willingness to threaten nuclear war to maintain peace but critics called this the brinkmanship which is the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down. 

The Taiwan Crisis -

A series of crises in taiwan.

The Suez Crisis/reason why Egypt seized canal + outcome-

They indeed because of the water access but Britain and France wanted Egypt so they put economic pressure and then withdrew . 

Covert -

Eisenhower decided to us cover or hidden operation conducted by central intelligence gen (CIA) 

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) - 

A intelligence services of the us federal government  created to secretly take out communist governments during the cold war

Developing nations (Iran + Guatemala) -

A nation whose economy is primarily agricultural.

Uprising in Hungary -

in 1956 Hungarian revolution was a popular revolt against soviet control.

Nikita Khrushchev  -

became new leader of Soviet Union after Stalin’s death and he gave speeches

Summit -

meeting in trying to get peace between the soviet and the united states 

Francis Gary Powers -

was the pilot on U-2 spy plane that got shot down over the USSR and survived and was captured 

Military-industrial complex

- A normal relationship that some people believe exist between the military and the defence industry to promote greater military spending and influence government policy

Flexible response -

The buildup of the conventional troops and weapons allowed a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons.

Peace Corps -

The peace corps is to help developing nations when we offer economic  aid to Latin  America.

Bay of Pigs -

A failed invasion of Cuba that took place in 1961 after Fidel Castro took power in Cuba the Us planned to train Cubans in secret to invade them and take over the power but failed. 

Cuban Missile Crisis -

13 day long confrontation between the USSR and the united states and the USSR put nuclear missiles in cuba and the Us moved  missiles to turkey  and  they solved it by removing the missiles and promising  not to invade other country.