Psychology Chapter 1 Quiz

Wednesday August 26

Psychology

Scientific study of the mind and behavior

Empirical method (scientific method)

Uses scientific methods of observation and experimentation to collect data and analysis

Wilhelm Wundt & Edward Titchener

First psych lab in 1870s Germany

William James

First textbook psychology in 1890s, Harvard professor

Structuralism/Historical

Parts of the mind and its abilities

Introspection

Asks people to think about their mental processes

Functionalism

Adaptations the brain had to evolve into to help humans survive, brains abilities

Sigmund Freud

Shocked the repressed society of 1890s-1910 Europe, believed psychology problems arise from unresolved unconscious conflicts

Psychoanalytic Theory

Reveal unconscious conflicts and stop them from affecting us in a negative way

Unconscious mind

A reservoir of repressed traumatic memories, fears, taboo wishes

Ivan Pavlov

Trained dogs to salivate to a bell sound

John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner

Made a baby cry to a rat

B.F. Skinner

Trained rats and pigeons to push button for food

Behaviorism

Change behaviors for the better (animal training applied to humans)

Classic conditioning

Operant conditioning

Abraham Maslow

Proposed a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

Carl Rogers

Emphasized the potential for good that exists within all people

Margaret Floy Washburn

First woman awarded the doctoral degree in psychology (taught and mentored by William James)

Mary Whiton Calkins

Completed all requirements toward the PhD in psychology, but Harvard refused to award her degree because she was a woman

Cognitive Psychology

Study of cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to experiences and actions

Developmental Psychology

Scientific study of develpoment across a lifespan

Social Psychology

Examines how people impact or affect each other, with particular focus on the power of the situation

Clinical Psychology

Focuses on diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior

Degrees in Psychology

Require doctoral degrees