nur 311 quiz #1 study guide

What is caring in the nursing profession?

Care is what is done; caring is the act of doing

"The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible "This definition of nursing was given by:

Virginia Henderson

What personal factors aided Florence Nightingale to be considered the founder of nursing?

publications, dedication to hospital reform, commitment to upgrading military conditions, and establishment of training schools

formal education and aristocratic background

what needs to be adjusted in the environment to protect the patient?

What is the main difference between nurses obtaining a diploma, an associate or a bachelor's degree from an accredited nursing program where nurses are eligible to take the NCLEX exam?

Courses offered, length of study, and cost

Diploma - awarded after the successful completion of hospital-based program that typically take 3 yrs to finish, including prerequisite courses at another school >>> Slowly diminishing

Associate - 2 year education at a community college or technical school conferring an associate degree in nursing (ADN)

Bachelor (BSN) - 4 year education at a college or university conferring to BSN degree

Women who cared for others, but who had no formal education, often called themselves

"Practical nurses"

What are the basic concepts of nursing?

Person

Health

Environment

Which theorists focused on culturally competent nursing?

Madeleine Leininger

What are the four diverse types of health care service promoted by Healthy People 2020?

State health, mental health, substance abuse, and environmental agencies

"Nursing is a therapeutic interpersonal process". This definition was stated by:

Hildegard Peplau

Transcultural Model of Nursing was proposed by:

Madeleine Leininger

which major American corporation partnered with nursing to design a media campaign to promote the image of nursing?

Johnson and Johnson

What is not part of Jade Ward's Staff Vision and Shared Purpose?

concepts - LOOK UP AGAIN!

The nursing profession is responsible for improving its own image. The most effective avenue for changing the image of nursing is:

Have nurses appear and behave professionally and explain what nurses do in each patient interaction

status of evidence-based practice (EBP) in health care today?

EBP is the standard of practice in most health care organizations.

Evidence- based practice is a conscientious, problem-solving approach to clinical practice that incorporates the best evidence from well-designed studies, patient values and preferences, and a clinician's expertise in making decisions about a patient's care

SBAR - Situation Background Assessment Recommendation originally created for who?

It was originally developed by the U.S. Navy for use on nuclear submarines; it was introduced into healthcare in the late 1990s and has been adopted in healthcare facilities around the world to standardize communication among care providers.

What is Benner's 5 Stages of Nursing Proficiency?

Novice

Advanced beginner

Competent practitioner

Proficient practitioner

Expert practitioner

Who proposed the human needs theory?

Abraham Maslow

Who developed the first theory in nursing?

Florence Nightingale

Which of the following is an effective method for the practicing nurse to achieve leadership skills?

Becoming active in professional organizations

The American Nurses Association (ANA) serves as the

professional organization for all nurses, regardless of practice setting or level of practice

Which of the following best describes trends in nursing education?

number of RNs with bachelors and higher degrees are increasing

Which early nursing leader founded the first training school for nurses that would later become a model for early nursing education?

Florence Nightingale (St. Tomas's Hospital)

Who was the first educated African American professional nurse?

Mary Eliza Mahoney

To which early nursing leader is attributed the founding of the American Red Cross?

Clara Barton

Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?

Ministry/clergy

Which of the following characteristics of a profession were listed in Flexner's work on professions?

Activities of professions are based on a unique body of knowledge

1. Is basically intellectual (as opposed to physical) and is accompanied by a high degree of individual responsibility

2. Is based on a body of knowledge that can be learned and is developed and refined through research

3. Is practical, in addition to being theoretical

4. Can be taught through a process of highly specialized professional education

5. Has a strong internal organization of members and a well-developed group consciousness

6. Has practitioners who are motivated by altruism (the desire to help others) and who are responsive to public interests

Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?

Members have autonomy

Use of a professional organization as a primary point of reference

Belief in the value of public service

Belief in self-regulation

Commitment to a profession that goes above and beyond economic incentives

A sense of autonomy

Which of the following best describes the difference between an occupation and a profession?

A profession requires a duty to serve

A profession is a calling that provides a needed service to society

According to the nurse's Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is

Individual accountability

The document that provides professional standards and a framework for professional decision making that ensures decisions are made with the highest integrity is the

Code of Ethics

A component that separates occupations from professions is commitment. Which of the following is the best way that nurses can show commitment to each other?

Mentoring nursing students and novice nurses

The nursing profession has experienced barriers to professionalism. Which of the following is the primary current barrier to nursing's professionalism?

Variability of educational backgrounds of nurses

The process of professionalization of an occupation typically follows a pattern of developmental stages. One of the stages is collective identity. Which of the following is an example of collective identity?

Legal right to practice profession to protect unique skills from outsiders

other parts to collective identity:

formal training, credentialing, subculture, public acceptance, ethical practice, discipline, relationships with other disciplines, formalization

Preparation is a component that separates occupations from professions. Which of the following is the best way that a nurse demonstrates preparation for the profession?

Articulates the values of caring and compassion in patient-centered care

preparation includes training and orientation to beliefs

The nurse practice act of a state defines the scope and responsibilities of nursing practice in that state. Which of the following is true regarding nurse practice acts?

They determine the educational requirements for licensure

Which of the following falls under the jurisdiction of the state board of nursing?

Approving or rejecting applications for new nursing education programs

The most common reason that nurses are disciplined by the state board of nursing is?

Practicing while impaired

What is the primary function of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)?

Developing the NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN licensing examinations

Which of the following actions by the nurse constitutes professional malpractice?

Placing the head of the bed flat when a patient is receiving a tube feeding, causing the patient to aspirate the mixture

When a nurse fails to be prudent and it results in patient injury

Which early nursing theorist recognized therapeutic milieu, assessment skills, and a unique body of knowledge in her definition of nursing?

Florence Nightingale

Which early nursing theorist defined nursing in interpersonal terms by stating that nursing is a significant, therapeutic, and interpersonal process?

Hildegard Peplau

Which of the following is an example of Orem's self-care theory?

Assisting a disoriented patient with a bath

Providing adequate patient hygiene is described in Orem's theory of nursing as providing assistance to a person because of the person's inabilities for self-care.

Orem's belief that nurses should do for a person only those things the person cannot do without assistance emphasized the patient's active role

Which of the following is an example of Henderson's definition of nursing?

Teaching a person with frequent constipation about high-fiber foods

"Nursing may be defined as that service to an individual that helps him to attain or maintain a healthy state of mind or body"

The legal definition of nursing for any particular state can be found in the

The state's nurse practice act

Which of the following is an example of formal socialization into the profession of nursing?

Starting an intravenous (IV) line in the simulation laboratory under faculty guidance

In nursing, formal socialization includes lectures, online activities, assignments, and clinical experiences, such as planning nursing care, writing a paper on professional ethics, learning steps of a physical examination of a healthy child, starting an intravenous line, practicing communication skills with a psychiatric patient, or spending time with a mentor (Figure 5-1). A faculty member may serve as your first nursing mentor. Formal socialization proceeds in an orderly, building-block fashion, such that new information is based on previous information. For that reason, more advanced nursing students are often encouraged to manage a larger number of patients than they did as novice students, when their skills were fewer and less tested.

Which of the following is an example of informal socialization into a profession?

Nurses discussing a patient care issue in the presence of other nurses

Informal socialization includes lessons that occur incidentally, such as the unplanned observation of a nurse teaching a young mother how to care for her premature infant, participating in a student nurse association, or hearing nurses discuss patient care in the nurses' lounge. Part of professional socialization is simply absorbing the culture of nursing, that is, the rites, rituals, and valued behaviors of the profession. This requires that students spend enough time with nurses in work settings for adequate exposure to the nursing culture to occur. Most nurses agree that informal socialization experiences were often more powerful and memorable than formal socialization in their own development.

A nursing student says to the clinical faculty, "I know I will be able to care for this patient given your directions." In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student?

Stage 1: Unilateral dependence

- Stage I: Unilateral Dependence

(rely on external limits & controls established by authority/faculty)

A nursing student asks, "Why do I have to go to clinical in obstetrics when I know I'll never work with women and children?" In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student?

Stage 2: Negativity/independence

- Stage II: Negativity/Independence

(critical thinking & knowledge expand; questions asked)

A nursing student says, "I can now see how developing care plans helps organize my thoughts and patient care." In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student?

Stage 3: Dependence/mutuality

- Stage III: Dependence/Mutuality

(reasoned evaluation of others' ideas; realistic appraisals)

Which of the following nursing leaders is credited with being one of the earliest nursing educators in the world?

Mary Adelaide Nutting

Which American university opened the first nursing school as a separate department within the university?

Yale

Which of the following recommendations resulting from the 1934 study Nursing Schools Today and Tomorrow still has relevance today?

Nurses should be highly educated

The earliest type of formal nursing education program was the

Hospital-based diploma program

The single most important reason for the decline in the number of hospital-based diploma programs was?

ADN and BSN programs moved the education of nurses into the mainstream of higher education