EXAM 3 Chapter 10 The Muscular System II: Major Muscles of the Axial Skeleton単語カード | Quizlet

FRONTALIS

o: galea aponeurotica

i: skin of eyebrows

a: RAISES EYEBROWS

OCCIPITALIS

o: occipital and temporal bones

i: galea aponeurotica

a: PULLS ON SCALP POSTERIORLY

CORRUGATOR SUPERCILII

o: Frontal bone above nasal bone

i: skin of eyebrow

a: DRAWS EYEBROWS TOGETHER (FROWNING)

ORBICULARIS OCULI

o: frontal and maxillary bones around orbit

i: tissue of eyelid

a: CLOSES EYE

ZYGOMATICUS

o: zygomatic bone

i: corner of mouth

a: RAISES CORNERS OF MOUTH UPWARD

RISORIUS

inferior and lateral to zygomaticus

o: lateral fascia associated with masseter muscle

i: skin at angle of mouth

a: DRAWS CORNERS OF LIPS LATERALLY; SYNERGIST OF ZYGOMATICUS

LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS

o: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin of maxilla

i: skin and muscle of upper lip

a: OPENS LIPS

DEPRESSOR LABII INFERIORIS

o: body of mandible lateral to its midline

i: skin and muscle of lower lip

a: POUTS LOWER LIP

ORBICULARIS ORIS

o: maxilla and mandible

i: skin and muscle around mouth

a: CLOSES LIPS (KISS)

MENTALIS

o: mandible below incisors

i: skin of chin

a: WRINKLES CHIN

BUCCINATOR

horizontal cheek muscle, deep to masseter

o: molar region of maxilla and mandible

i: orbicularis oris

a: COMPRESSES CHEEK (SUCKING/WHISTLING)

PLATYSMA

superficial neck muscle

o: over pectoral muscles and deltoid

i: lower margin of mandible; and skin and muscle at corner of mouth

a: TENSES SKIN OF NECK (SHAVING)

MASSETER

powerful muscle covers lateral aspect of the mandibular ramus

o: zygomatic arch/bone

i: angle and ramus of mandible

a: PRIME MOVER IN JAW CLOSURE

TEMORALIS

o: temporal, frontal, partietal bone

i: coronoid process of mandible

a: CLOSES JAW

MEDIAL PTERYGOID

o: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, maxilla, and palatine bone

i: medial surface of mandible near its angle

a: PROTRACT MANDIBLE, SIDE TO SIDE MOVEMENTS

SYNERGIST of temporalis and masseter

LATERAL PTERYGOID

lies superior to medial pterygoid muscle

o: greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

i: condyle of mandible and capsule of temporomandibular joint

a: FORWARD SLIDING AND SIDE TO SIDE GRINDING MOVEMENTS

DIGASTRIC

o: mandible (anterior belly)

mastoid process

(posterior belly)

i: by a connective tissue loop to hyoid bone

a: OPEN MOUTH AND DEPRESS MANDIBLE

STYLOHYOID

parallels posterior belly of digastric muscle

o: styloid process

i: hyoid bone

a: ELEVATES & RETRACTS HYOID

MYLOHYOID

deep to digastric muscle; floor of the anterior mouth

o: medial surface of mandible

i: hyoid bone

a: ELEVATES HYOID BONE AND FLOOR OF MOUTH

GENIOHYOID

deep to mylohyoid

o: inner surface of mandibular symphysis

i: hyoid bone

a: PULLS HYOID BONE SUPERIORLY & ANTERIORLY

STERNOHYOID

most medial muscle of the neck; thin; superficial except inferiorly, where it is covered by the sternocleidomastoid muscle

o: manubrium and medial end of clavicle

i: lower margin of hyoid bone

a: DEPRESSES LARYNX AND HYOID BONE

STERNOTHYROID

lateral and deep to sternohyoid

o: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

i: thyroid cartilage

a: pulls larynx and hyoid bone inferiorly

OMOHYOID

lateral to sternohyoid

o: superior surface of scapula

i: hyoid bone, lower border

a: depresses and retracts hyoid bone

THYROHYOID

appears as a superior continuation of sternothyroid muscle

o: thyroid bone

i: hyoid bone

a: depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

deep to platysma; key muscular landmark in neck

o: manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle

i: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

a: FLEXES AND LATERALLY ROTATES HEAD

SCALENES

lateral / deep to platysma and sternocleidomastoid

o: transverse process of cervical vertebrae

i: anterolaterally on first two ribs

a: ELEVATES FIRST 2 RIBS

SPLENIUS

superficial muscle extending from upper thoracic vertebrae to skull

o: spinous procress of C7-T6

i: mastoid process of temporal bone and occipital bone; transverse process of C2-C4 vertebrae

a: EXTEND OR HYPEREXTEND HEAD

LATERAL TO MEDIAL

ILIOCOSTALIS, LONGISSIMUS, SPINALIS

PRIME MOVERS IN BACK EXTENSION

WHAT ARE THE ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES AND WHAT DO THEY DO?

ILIOCOSTALIS

most lateral muscle group of erector spinae, extending from pelvis to neck

o:

iliac crests (lumborum)

inferior 6 ribs (thoracis)

ribs 3 to 6 (cervics)

i: angles of ribs

a: EXTENDS AND LATERALLY FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN

LONGISSIMUS

intermediate

o: transverse process of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

i: transverse process of T/C vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin; inserts into mastoid process of temporal bone

a: EXTENDS, LATERALLY FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN

SPINALIS

most medial muscle of group

o: spines of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae

i: spines of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae

a: EXTENDS VERTEBRAL COLUMN

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

11 PAIRS, short, in between ribs

o: inferior border of rib above

i: superior border of rib below

a: PULL RIBS TOWARD ONE ANOTHER, ELEVATES RIB CAGE

INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

11 pairs lie between ribs

o: superior border of rib below

i: inferior border of rib above

a: DRAW RIBS TOGETHER, DEPRESS RIB CAGE

DIAPHRAGM

o: inferior internal surface of rib cage and sternum, costal cartilages of last six ribs, and lumbar vertebrae

i: central tendon

a: PRIME MOVER OF INSPIRATION; FLATTENS ON CONTRACTION

RECTUS ABDOMINIS

MEDIAL & SUPERFICIAL

o: pubic crest and symphysis

i: xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

a: COMPRESSES ABDOMEN, FLEXES VERTEBRAL COLUMN

LINEA ALBA

The "white line:" the tendinous median line on the ventral abdominal wall between the two rectus muscles

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

(fibers run posterior and medially)

o: by fleshy strips from outer surfaces of lower eight ribs

i: most fibers insert into linea alba via a broad aponeurosis

a: FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN, COMPRESS ABDOMINAL WALL

INTERNAL OBLIQUE

fibers run superiorly and medially

o: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament

i: linea alba, pubic crest, last three or four ribs and costal margin

a: FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN, COMPRESS ABDOMINAL WALL

TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

fibers run horizontally

o: inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, cartilages of last six ribs; iliac crest

i: linea alba, pubic crest

a: COMPRESSES ABDOMINAL CONTENTS

The zygomatic arch is the origin of which muscle of mastication?

Masseter muscle

Which muscle of the neck elevates the floor of the mouth, elevates the hyoid bone, and/or depresses the mandible?

Mylohyoid muscle

The palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus muscles are all:

laryngeal elevators

Which of the following muscles elevates the upper lip?

Zygomaticus minor muscle

Which muscle closes the eye?

Orbicularis oculi muscle

Which term refers to the nerve supply to a particular structure or organ?

Innervation

Cranial nerve IV, the trochlear nerve, innervates which eye muscle?

Superior oblique muscle

hich of the following muscle(s) is/are required to roll the eye straight down?

Inferior rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle

Which muscle inserts into the side of the tongue, and depresses and retracts the tongue?

Hyoglossus muscle

Which eye muscle originates at the maxilla at the anterior portion of the orbit?

Inferior oblique muscle

What do the stylohyoid, thyrohyoid, geniohyoid, and omohyoid muscles have in common?

They all insert on the hyoid bone

Which of the following muscles is a muscle of the neck, that inserts on the mandible and skin of the cheek, and functions to tense the skin of the neck and depress the mandible?

Platysma

Which of the following muscles of mastication is innervated by the trigeminal nerve, and acts to elevate the mandible and close the jaw or to move the mandible side to side, but has no role in protraction or retraction of the jaw?

• Medial pterygoid muscle

Which of the following statements is not true, concerning the oblique and rectus muscles?

The rectus muscles extend the vertebral column, assisting the action of the erector spinae muscles.

Which deep muscle of the spine inserts at the occipital bone between the nuchal lines?

Semispinalis capitis muscle

Which spinal flexor muscle originates at the iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament?

Quadratus lumborum muscle

Which of the following best describes the iliococcygeus muscle?

Its origins are the ischial spine and the pubis, and it elevates and retracts the anus.

Which of the following oblique muscles inserts on the external oblique aponeuroses, extending to linea alba and iliac crest?

External oblique muscle