CHAP 12 Predation

Species interactions

Interactions can be trophic (predation) or non trophic (competitive and facilitative)

Predation

A biological interaction where one organisms (predator) kills and consumes another organism (prey)

Consumption

Where an organism ingests or absorbs another organism or its resources for energy and nutrients

Exploitation

One species is benifited while the other species is harmed

Generalist

Can survive with a wide range of environments and conditions consuming various food sources

Specialists

Thrive in specific environment containing a limited diet

Encounter Rate vs Handling time

If encounter times are low, predators should be generalist, but if handling times are long then predators should be specialists

Physical Defenses

Large size, body plan designed for rapid or agile movement

Warning coloration

Predators learn not to eat organisms that have toxins

Mimicry

Prey resembles another organism that is toxic or very fierce

Crypsis

The prey is camouflaged or resembles it background