World History 9 Honors (Nationalism & Unification)

Which Italian state extended its laws and government over Italy after unification?

Piedmont.

Which were the last two states to be added to the new unified Italian nation?

Venetia and Rome

This created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary

Augsleich

This means politics based on practical matters rather than theory or ethics

realpolitik

These territories were the focus of the Danish War and the cause of the Austrian War.

Schleswig + Holstein

He was the Prime Minister of Prussia and later Germany:

Bismarck

The greatest romantic composer of the 19th century if not all of history:

Beethoven

This term was used to describe the first practical photographs:

Daguerreotypes

Collected German fairy tales and created a dictionary and a grammar of the German language:

Grimm Brothers

Which powerful idea of the 19th century greatly upset the balance of power in Europe:

Nationalism

This leading romantic poet was also a freedom fighter in Greece:

 Lord Byron

The name for the telegram that Bismarck re-edited and released to the French press:

The Ems Dispatch

Nationalism was a force that:

 tore apart centuries old empires, was opposed to conservatives, gave rise to nation-state (All of the above)

This was the ruling family of Prussia:

Hohenzollerns

Cavour look to this country to assist him in his plan to unify Italy:

France

Type of art that attempted to give the artist’s impression of a subject or moment In Time:

impressionism

Famous novelist who created characters in scenes that accurately portrayed the despair of London's working classes:

Charles Dickens

This ruler of France was taken prisoner by the Prussians in 1870:

Napoleon III

Bismarck provoked the French to war in 1870 by taking advantage of what situation?

the question over the spanish throne

Wrote the early, successful Gothic horror novel, Frankenstein:

Mary Shelley

He was a prime minister of Piedmont and the architect of Italian unification:

Count Cavour

He was proclaimed the emperor of the new, unified Germany in 1871:

Wilhelm I

In the middle of the 19th century, he was the king of Piedmont-Sardinia:

Victor Emmanuel II

What was the title given to the ruler of the new, unified German Empire:

 Kaiser

The French romantic who wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame:

Hugo

This type of art and literature attempted to portray life as it really was, not as it should be:

Realism

The Ottoman Empire had long been in control of much of Southeastern Europe also known as:

the Balkans

By 1871 there was a shift of power in Europe - which nation had changed?

Prussia became Germany

Which of the following is not properly matched with the artistic movement to which he or she contributed?

 Emile Zola - romanticism

The trade association that stimulated the German economy and nationalism under Prussian leadership

Zollverein

In the middle of the 19th century he formed an army of “Red Shirts” and added Sicily and Naples to Italy

Giuseppe Garibaldi

The French inventor who is credited with creating the first practical photographs

Louis Daguerre

The country most responsible in preventing the Italian states from unifying:

Austria

British inventor created a process which made it very easy for photographs to be reproduced into books and newspapers

William Talbot

Chief of Staff of Prussian military, his efforts and planning led to quick victories:

Moltke

Which of the following was not a realist writer:

Victor Hugo

What types of nationalist movements are there?

Unification, Seperation, State-building

What are the characteristics of Unification?

Mergers of politically divided but culturally similar lands

What are the characteristics of Separation?

Culturally distinct group resists being added to a state or tries to break away.

What are the characteristics of State-builiding?

Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture.

Russification

forcing Russian culture on all the ethnic groups in the empire.

Who was Camillo di Cavour?

The prime minister of Piedmont Sardinia.

Who was the king of Piedmont Sardinia?

King Victor Emmanuel II

When did Prussia defeat Austria in the Austro-Prussian War?

In 1866

When did the kingdom of Piedmont Sardinia adopt a liberal constitution?

In 1848

When was Count Cavour named prime minister of Piedmont Sardinia?

In 1852

When did the French Emperor Napoleon III agree to help drive Austria out of Italian Northern provinces?

In 1858

Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi?

a bold and visionary soldier who led his followers & became known as the “red shirts”

When did a small army of Italian nationalist led by Giuseppe Garibaldi capture Sicily?

In May 1860

When did Venetia, which includes the city of Venice, join Italy?

In 1870

When do Italian forces take over the territory known as Papal States?

In 1870

When did the Berlin rioters force the constitutional convention to write up a liberal constitution for the kingdom?

In 1848

Junkers

Strongly conservative members of Prussia’s wealthy landowning class

When does King Wilhelm chose Bismarck as his prime minister?

In 1862

Who is Otto von bismarck?

A conservative Junker

What is realpolitik?

The policy of reality, describe tough power politics with no room for idealism

When does the Danish War start?

In 1864

In what year did Austria declare war on prussia known as the Seven Weeks’ War.

In 1866

When does the remaining states of the north join the North German Confederation?

In 1867

When does the French declare war on Prussian?

July 19, 1870

When was King Wilhelm I of Prussia crowned kaiser at Versailles?

On January 18, 1871

Romanticism

The movement reflected deep interest both in nature and in thoughts and feelings of the individual.

What are examples of romantic artist?

George Gordon, Lord Byron

Who is Johann Wolfgang von Goethe?

He is one of the greatest German Romantic writers who wrote “The Sorrows of Young Werther.”

Who led the French Romantics?

Victor Hugo

Realism

Show life as it was, not as it should be

Daguerrotypes

First practical photographs

Who invented daguerrotypes?

Louis Daguerre

Which British inventor invented a light-sensitive paper that could produce photographic negatives?

William Talbot

Who wrote the The Human Comedy?

Honoré de Balzac

Which French writer exposed the miseries of French workers in small shops, factories, and coal mines?

émile Zola

Who is Charles Dickens?

Famous English realist novelist

Impressionism

Showing their impression of a subject or a moment or time

Who were leaders in the movement of Impressionism?

Claude Monet & Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

Who were French composers apart of impressionism?

Maurice Ravel & Claude Debussy

What was the cause of the crimean war?

Russia was trying to gain land on the Black sea, wanted control of the straits (Bosporus & Dardanelles)

• Britain and France was afraid of Russia getting control

What was the effect of the crimean war?

lead to the Treaty of Paris & Russia being weakened, backing out of European affairs

• maintains integrity of Ottoman Empire

• Serbia & Romania recognized as Independent

• No Russian warships on the Black Sea

What was the cause of the Danish war?

Danish King wanted to annex Holstein & Schleswig, however Prussia and Austria wanted them

What was the effects of the Danish War?

The Prussian Victory enabled Prussian dominance in German unification.

• Prussia was able to get Schleswig.

• Austria got H

What were the causes of the Austro-Prussian War?

Border disputes between Prussia and Austria over S & H

• Lead to the question of who will dominate in the united Germany.

What were the effects of the Austro-Prussian War?

• Ends Austrian influence in Germany

• Old southern half of German Confederation (Originally Austria) → Independence

• Results in the Ausgleich creating the “Dual-Monarchy” in Austria

• Prussia= Dominant power in Germany

What were the causes of the Franco-Prussian War?

• The balance of power shifted → Prussian unification of Germany

• Bismarck made rumors that agitated France with the Telegram - EMS Dispatch

What were the effects of the Franco-Prussian War?

• Leads to the Treaty of Frankfurt → France has to give up Alsace & Lorraine to Germany

• Creation of German Empire

• Contributes to WW1

What was the Zollvereins?

• German trade agreement, free-trade throughout much of Germany

What was Ausgleich?

Created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary