CC1

International Organization for Standards

ISO stands for _________

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

IUPAC stands for _________

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

CLSI stands for _________

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

SAMHSA stands for _________

SAMHSA

Certifies laboratories to conduct forensic drug testing for federal agencies

Liter

Is used as a reference volume

Katal or U/L

SI Unit for enzyme

Meter

SI unit for length

Kilogram

SI unit for Mass

Second

SI unit for time

Ampere

SI unit for Electric current

Kelvin

SI unit for Thermodynamic temperature

Mole

SI unit for amount of substance

Candela

SI unit for luminous intensity

Frequency

SI unit for Hertz

Newton

SI unit for Force

Degrees Celsius

SI unit for Celsius temperature

Celsius

The predominant practice for temperature measurement uses the __________

Katal

SI unit for Catalytic activity

°F = (°C x 1.8) + 32

Formula for Fahrenheit

°C = (°F - 32) x 0.556

Formula for Celsius

10^-18

Scientific notation for Atto

10^-15

Scientific notation for Femto

10^-12

Scientific notation for Pico

10^-9

Scientific Notation for Nano

10^-6

Scientific notation for Micro

10^-3

Scientific notation for Milli

10^-2

Scientific notation for Centi

10^-1

Scientific notation for Deci

10

Conversion factor for Albumin and Total Protein

17.1

Conversion factor for Bilirubin

0.357

Conversion factor for BUN

1.0

Conversion factor for Na, K, Cl

0.25

Conversion factor for Calcium

0.026

Conversion factor for Cholesterol

88.4

Conversion factor for Creatinine

0.0555

Conversion factor for Glucose

12.9

Conversion factor for Thyroxine

0.0113

Conversion factor for TAG

0.0595

Conversion factor for Uric Acid

10

Conversion factor for Hb

0.133

Conversion factor for pCO2 and pO2

0.587

Conversion factor for Ammonia

0.276

Conversion factor for Cortisol

2.27

Conversion factor for Folic acid

400-700 nm

Visible spectrum

Ultraviolet region

What region if <400 nm?

Infrared region

What region if >700 nm?

greater

The shorter the wavelength, the ________ the energy

400-500 nm

Red color absorbs ________ nm of light and transmits light of 600-650 nm

525 nm

A green colored-solution would show highest transmittance at _______

inversely

Wavelength is ________ proportional to frequency

directly

Frequency is _________ proportional to energy

Red

Violet or Red: Which has longer wavelength?

Gamma

Gamma or Microwaves: Which has higher energy?

Tungsten Light Bulb

Most commonly used light

Hollow Cathode Lamp

Light used in AAS

Deuterium discharge lamp and Mercury Arc Lamp

Most commonly used lamp for UV sources

Entrance Slit

Minimizes unwanted stray light

Stray Light

Is the most common cause of loss of linerarity

Second-Order Spectra

Most common cause of stray light

Absorbance error

Major effect of stray light

Sharp cut-off filters

Type of filter best for measuring stray light

Neutral Density Filter and Dichromate Solution

It verifies absorbance accuracy on linearity

Monochromator

Isolates specific wavelength of light

Diffraction Grating

Most common used monochroator

Prism

Monochromator that has the purest light in UV range

Didymium or Holmium Oxide Filter

Is used for verifying wavelength accuracy

Exit slit

Controls the bandpass/ bandwidth

greater

The narrower the bandpass, the ________ the photometric solution

Cuvet

Also called absorption cell/ analytical cell/ sample cell. It holds the solution.

Square cuvette

Has advantage over round cuvette

Discard

What will you do is there is scratched to optical surfaces?

Alumina silica

Most commonly used cuvette

Glass cuvettes

Cuvettes used for visible range but absorbs UV

Quartz Cuvette

Cuvettes for UV radiation

directly

In Beer’s Law, unknown substance is________ proportional to absorbed light.

Inversely

In Beer’s Law, unknown substance is________ proportional to transmitted light.

molar absorptivity

the a in A= abc represents the

path length

the b in A= abc represents the

concentration

the c in A= abc represents the

Photodetector

Detects and converts transmitted light to electricity

Photomultiplier tube

Most common type, has excellent sensitivity type of photodetector

Photovoltaic cell/ Barrier layer cell/ Photocell

Simplest detector, required no external voltage source

Photodiode

A photodetector that respond to a specific wavelength UV/ Visible

Reagent blank

It corrects for absorbance caused by the color of the reagent

100

0 absorbance = ____ transmittance

chromogens or lipemia

Reagent blank has no correction for interfering _______________

Ultracentrifugation

Used to clear the serum of plasma of chylomicrons

Saline

Sample blank is performed by substituting the _____ for reagent

inverse

In reflectometry, the intensity of light is _______ in relation to the concentration of the analyte.

opaque

100% reflectance is set with an ________ film called a white reference

Reflectometry

Principle used in Bilirubinometer and Automated Reagent Strip Reader

Flame Emission Photometry

Measure the light emitted by a single atom burned in a flame

Blue

Hottest color

yellow

Color of Sodium in FEP

violet

color of potassium in FEP

red

color of lithium and rubidium in FEP

blue

color of magnesium/ copper

AAS

Principle employed for the measurement Ca and Mg