Introduction to Chemistry: Understanding Matter

Flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on matter and its properties in chemistry.

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Atom

The basic unit of a chemical element, made of super tiny particles.

Element

A substance that consists of only one type of atom; there are 118 known elements.

Crystalline Solid

A solid with a definite shape and volume, where atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern.

Amorphous Solid

A solid where atoms are randomly organized, lacking a defined crystal structure.

Liquid

A state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container, with atoms moving about freely.

Gas

A state of matter that fills its container, lacking both definite shape and volume.

Pure Substance

A material that has uniform properties throughout, which can be either an element or a compound.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture with a uniform composition throughout; all samples taken will have the same composition.

Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture that does not have a uniform composition; different samples may have different components.

Chemical Property

A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into a different substance.

Physical Property

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's identity.

Intensive Property

A property that does not depend on the amount of substance present.

Extensive Property

A property that varies with the amount of substance present.

Diatomic Molecule

Molecules composed of two atoms, such as N2, O2, H2, etc.