Kines 380 Exam 1

The primary function of the Krebs cycle

Oxidation of Acetyl-CoA + creation of NADH and FADH

The breakdown of fatty acids is known as

Beta-oxidation

Name two of the factors that contribute to lactate threshold

1. accelerated glycolysis

2. recruitment of fast-twitch fibers

3. low muscle oxygen

4. reduced rate of lactate clearance

What difference exists between the moderate and vigorous intensity graph, in terms of VO2

No steady state in vigorous

In responses to heat load, blood flow will move towards

the skin

The amount of ATP that will be produced from the oxidative system if it begins with one molecule of glycogen will be

33 ATP

What is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis

Phosphofructokinase

Enzymes speed up the rate of cellular reactions by

lowering the activation energy

Resting metabolic rate will ___________ during dieting/caloric restriction

decrease or lower

Primary source of carbs during the first hour of exercise

muscle glycogen

During cold exposure/heat loss, these hormones are released in response

Thyroxine and catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

NADH and FADH provide this much ATP

2.5 and 1.5

Fat metabolism is regulated by rate of

Lipolysis

This “temperature control center” signals for shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis in order to lose heat

POAH

The roles of NADH and FADH in the ETC

Release pairs of electrons (Hydrogen ions) to travel through the pumps; releasing energy to form ATP

The two stages of glycolysis and their net ATP gain/loss

2 ATP gained and 2 ATP lost

These three components make up total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)

Physical activity, RMR, TEF

Define lactate threshold

The point just before the rate of lactate production is greater than the rate of lactate clearance

Lactate is converted into glucose via gluconeogenesis and then released back into the blood, what cycle is this

CORI

The two components of EPOC are

Rapid and slow

This concept represents the shift of fats as a primary fuel source to carbs as a primary fuel source

Crossover concept

The complement systems operates by tagging and creating _____________ in foreign pathogens’ membranes

Holes

These two factors determine the primary fuel source being used during exercise

Exercise intensity and duration

When exercising in hot environments, this is the primary method of heat loss

Evaporative

High-intensity exercise has a temporary ________ effect on the immune system

Depressive

This molecule accepts electrons at the end of ETC

Oxygen

The ATP-PC system is short-lived and it is limited by

Phosphocreatine stores

The two carrier molecules in this pathway are

NADH and FADH

ETC stands for

Electron transport chain

The three metabolic pathways are

ATP-PC/Phosphagen, glycolysis, oxidative

What are the three performance impairments experienced during exercise in the heat

Cardiovascular dysfunction, central nervous dysfunction, accelerated muscular fatigue