Chapter 9 Cartilaginous Joints- Synovial Joints (Part 2)

Cartilaginous Joints

two bones are linked by cartilage

• synchondroses

• symphyses

cartilaginous joints

synchondrosis bones

bound by hyaline cartilage

synchrondrosis

first rib attachment to the sternum

symphysis

two bones joined by fibrocartilage

symphysis

pubic symphysis joined by interpubic disc

symphysis

bodies of vertebrae and intervertebral disc

Synovial Joint

most are freely movable

Synovial Joint

most structurally complex type of joint

Synovial Joint

most likely to develop painful dysfunction

Synovial Joint

most important joints for physical and occupational therapist

Articular Cartilage

layer of hyaline cartilage that cover the facing surface of two bones

Joint Cavity

separates articular surfaces

Synovial Fluid

Slippery lubricant in joint activity

Synovial Fluid

Makes movement of synovial joints almost friction free

joint capsules

connective tissue that encloses the cavity and retains the fluid

Outer Fibrous Capsule

continues with periosteum of adjoining bones

Inner synovial membrane

composed mainly of fibroblast-like cells that secrete synovial fluid and macrophages

articular disc

forms a pad between articulating bones that crosses the entire joint capsule

distal radioulnar joints

articular disc

meniscus

in the knee

meniscus

two cartilages extend inward from the left and right but do not entirely cross joint

meniscus

absorb shock and pressue

• tendon

• ligament

• bursa

• tendon sheath

accessory structures for synovial joints

tendon

a strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue attached muscle to bone

ligament

similar tissue that attaches one bone to another

bursa

a fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid

tendon sheaths

elongate cylindrical bursae