(CIE A2 Biology) Allopatric + sympatric speciation (based on SaveMyExams revision notes)

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7 Terms

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Speciation

The formation of new species from pre-existing species over time, as a result of changes to gene pools.

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Allopatric speciation

A type of speciation that occurs as a result of geographical isolation, where a species is separated by a physical barrier.

<p>A type of speciation that occurs as a result of geographical isolation, where a species is separated by a physical barrier.</p>
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Geographic barrier

A physical feature such as a mountain range or body of water that separates two populations, preventing gene flow.

<p>A physical feature such as a mountain range or body of water that separates two populations, preventing gene flow.</p>
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Genetic isolation

A condition where two populations do not exchange genes, often necessary for speciation to occur.

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Sympatric speciation

Speciation that occurs without geographical barriers, often due to ecological or behavioral separation.

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Ecological separation

A form of separation where populations live in different environments within the same area, affecting their development.

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Behavioral separation

Separation of populations due to differences in behaviors, such as feeding or mating rituals.