whole numbers

whole number

Represents a quantity of whole things

Numeral

The symbol for any number

Digit

Single numerals; 0 through 9

Positions of Digits

The positions that digits hold determine their value

Placeholder

The digit zero in a numeral when the value of one or more positions isn't used

Number Line

A tool used to work with numbers; each whole number is a point on the number line

Equal

Exactly the same; represented by the symbol =

Rounded Number

A close estimate or approximate value for a whole number

Arabic Numeral

Any numeral presented in standard number symbols instead of words

Even Number

Any whole number that can be divided evenly by 2

Odd Number

Any whole number that can’t be evenly divided by 2

Place Value

The value a digit has according to its position within a number

Word Problems

Mathematical problems that are written out and describe a particular situation involving numbers

Plus

The symbol (+) for addition

Subtraction

The process of "taking away" one number from another

Minus

The symbol (–) for subtraction

Minuend

The number you "take away" from; the greater of two numbers

Subtrahend

The number you "take away"; the smaller of two numbers

Difference

The result of subtraction

Inverse Operation

Two mathematical operations that are the direct opposites of each other

Multiplication

The shorthand way of making repeated additions of the same number

Multiplier

The number you're multiplying by

Multiplicand

The number being multiplied

Factors

Another name for the multiplier and multiplicand

Product

The result of multiplication

Times

The symbol (×) for multiplication

Division

The process of finding how many times one number is contained within another

Dividend

The number you want to divide

Divisor

The number being divided into the dividend

Quotient

The result of division

Remainder

The number left after division

Average

Value found by adding a group of numerals together, then dividing by the number of items in the group