6 - PRIMARY HEALTH CARE 2025

FIVE STAR FILIPINO DOCTOR

· Health care provider

· Techer/academician

· Researcher

· Social Mobilizer

· Administrator/Manager

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

· It is an essential health care made universally acceptable to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country and can afford at every stage of development.

DECLARATION OF ALMA- ATA

· It expressed the need for urgent action by all governments, all health and development workers, and the world community to protect and promote the health of all people. It was the first international declaration underlining the importance of primary health care.

· The need for urgent action by all governments, all health and development workers, and the world community to protect and promote the health of ALL people. (by the year 2000)

FOUR PILLARS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

· Active Community Participation

· Intra and Inter-sectoral linkages

· Use of appropriate technology

· Support mechanism made available

ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

· Education for Health

· Locally Endemic Disease Control

· Expanded Program on Immunization

· Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning

· Environmental Sanitation and Promotion of Safe Water Supply

· Nutrition and Promotion of Adequate Food Supply

· Treatment of Communicable Diseases and Common Illness

· Supply of Essential Drugs

VILLAGE OR GRASSROOTS HEALTH WORKERS

· Types of PHC workers: Trained community health workers, health volunteers, traditional birth attendants

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL OF HEALTH WORKERS

· Types of PHC workers that provide support to frontline health workers. General practitioners or their assistants, public health nurses, midwives

FIRST LEVEL PERSONNEL

· Types of PHC workers: Physicians with specialties, Nurses, Dentists, Pharmacists.

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

· The first contact between the individual and the health system; Closest to the people

· Essential health care (PHC) is provided

· A majority of prevailing health problems can be satisfactorily managed

· Provided by primary health centers

SECONDARY HEALTH CARE

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

· First referral level

· More complex problems are dealt with

· Comprise curative services

· Provided by the district hospital

TERTIARY HEALTH CARE

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

· Other specialist care

· Provided by regional/central level institutions

· Provide training programs

COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

· An example of a descriptive epidemiologic study

· Statement of health situation and health needs of a community, relating to:

o Demography

o Ecology

o Health status

o Health resources

STEPS IN MAKING A GOOD COMMUNITY DIAGONOSIS

· Definition of the problem (Research Question)

· Appraisal of existing facts

o Determining factors associated with the problem/disease

o State of knowledge of etiology (literature)

o Distribution of disease / problem in terms of seasonal variation, geographic distribution, persons affected

· Formulation of hypothesis - explanation for the existence and level of the disease/problem

· Testing of hypothesis

· Conclusion and practical application - solutions to the problem

COMMUNITY ORGANIZING PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH (COPAR)

· Integral tool in community development follows a systematic and cyclical process.

· It facilitates the education of the people in part with capability enhancement activities

· It nurtures the ability of the society to organize themselves and to emphasize people involvement in the resolution of issues and concerns in the community.

PRE-ENTRY PHASE

PHASES OF COPAR

· It involves the selection of the target community.

· It should at least include 50 families and criteria are utilized to determine their need for community organizing.

· Some preliminary investigation is conducted through the use of secondary records and ocular inspection is done prior to emersion.

ENTRY PHASE

PHASES OF COPAR

· It involves the integration process and the acquisition of relevant information necessary for the conceptualization of the community diagnosis.

· It is also during this phase that potential leaders are identified.

FORMATION PHASE

PHASES OF COPAR

· It is the phase when a core group is created – which then be trained to develop their capabilities in leading their community

ORGANIZATION- BUILDING PHASE

PHASES OF COPAR

· This phase is the most crucial stage since it is during this time that the people are mobilized through the creation of the community health organization.

SUSTENANCE AND STRENGHTENING PHASE

PHASES OF COPAR

· It is the end portion of COPAR but the most important phase. It is during this phase by which the community and its people are being developed to be self- reliant.

CARDINAL FEATURES OF COMMUNITY-ORIENTED PRIMARY CARE (COPC)

· The provision of primary clinical care for individuals and families in the community, with special attention to the continuity of care.

· A focus on the community as a whole and on its subgroups when appraising needs, planning and providing services, and evaluating the effects of care.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ISOLATED AND DISADVANTAGED AREAS

• Communities with marginalized population physically and socio-economically separated from the mainstream society and characterized by:

o Physical Factors - isolated due to distance, weather conditions and transportation difficulties (island, upland, lowland, landlocked, hard to reach and unserved/underserved communities)

o Socio-economic Factors - high poverty incidence, presence of vulnerable sector, communities in or recovering from situation of crisis or armed conflict

SDG 1

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· End poverty in all its forms everywhere

SDG 2

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

SDG 3

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

SDG 4

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

SDG 5

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

SDG 6

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

SDG 7

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all

SDG 8

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all

SDG 9

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

SDG 10

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Reduce inequality within and among countries

SDG 11

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

SDG 12

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

SDG 13

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

SDG 14

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

SDG 15

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

SDG 16

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels

SDG 17

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS

· Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development