Chapters 9, 10, 11 Practice Exam

Moving urine outside of the body is called:

Urination, Micturition, Voiding

Nephron

the functional working unit of the kidney

Afferent

incoming

Efferent

outgoing

Ureters

10-12” long tubes extending from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Hemodialysis

Cleaning of the blood by an artificial kidney

Urinalysis

the physical, chemical and microscoopic examination of urine

Catheterization (catheter)

Flexible tube is inserted into the urethra to collect urine

Cyst/o

bladder

Glycos/o

sugar, glucose

Lith/o

stone

Meat/o

meatus

nephr/o

Kidney

Noct/o

night

Olig/o

scanty

Pyel/o

renal pelvis

ren/o

kidney

Ur/o

urine

Urethr/o

urethra

-lith

stone

-lithiasis

condition of stones

-ptosis

drooping

-tripsy

surgical crushing

-uria

condition of the urine

Scrotum

sac that holds the testes

Vas deferens (ductus deferens)

The spermatic cord that carries sperm up into the pelvic area

Prostate Glands

secretes an acid neutralizer to keep sperm alive

Perineum

area from the scrotal sac / vaginal opening to the ano

Impotence

the inability to achieve erection (erectile dysfunction)

Layers of the uterus

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Perimetrium

outer layer

Myometrium

Muscular layer

Endometrium

Inside music membrane lining that is shed once a month

Areola

The dark pigmented area surrounding the nipple

Fraternal twins

two ova fertilized by two different sperm but delivered on the same day

Identical Twins

twins that develop from the splitting of one fertilized ovum. These twins have identical DNA

Meiosis

the cellular division of sex cells

Placenta previa

The placenta implants too low in the uterus causing painless bleeding in the third trimester. The massive blood loss may be life threatening to both mother and child

Abruptio placentae

The placenta separates from the uterine wall too soon. Complete separation results in immediate death of the fetus and the resulting hemorrhaging may result in the mother’s death minutes later

Andr/o

male

balan/o

glans penis

Cervic/o

neck, cervix

Colp/o

vagina

episi/o

vulva

Fet/o

fetus

Gynec/o

woman

Hyster/o

uterus

Lact/o

milk

Mamm/o, mast/o

breast

Men/o

Menstruation

Nat/o

birth

Oophor/o

ovary

orchid/o

testes

Ov/o

egg

Salping/o

fallopian tube

toc/o

labor

Vas/o

Vas deferens

Vulv/o

Vulva

-gravida

Pregnancy

-para

to bear offspring

-partum

childbirth

-salpinx

fallopian tubes

Pituitary “master gland”

located inferior to the brain directly between the eyes

GH (somatotropin)

Growth Hormone

T3 and T4 - Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine

Stimulates metabolism

Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium levels

PTH - Parathyroid hormone

increases blood calcium levels

Aldosterone

Mineralocorticoid - regulates electrolyte and fluid volume in the body

Acr/o

extremities

Calc/o

calcium

Crin/o

secrete

Estr/o

female

Glyc/o, Glycos/o

sugar

Home/o

sameness

Kal/o

potassium

Natr/o

salt

Toxic/o

poison

-crine

to secrete

-dispia

thirst

-prandial

relating to a meal

-tropin

stimulate