Chapter 1: 11 Organ Systems

What are the 11 organ systems?

1) integumentary

2) skeletal

3) muscular

4) nervous

5) endocrine

6) cardiovascular

7) lymphatic

8) respiratory

9) digestive

10) urinary

11) male and female reproductive

what are the major organs in the integumentary organ system?

skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails

what are the functions of the integumentary organ system?

protects against environmental hazards

helps regulate body temperature

provides sensory information

what are the major organs in the skeletal organ system?

bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, and bone marrow

(cartilages, ligaments, and bone marrow connect bones together)

what are the functions of the skeletal organ system?

provides support and protection for other tissues

stores calcium and other minerals in bone

forms blood cells

what are the major organs in the muscular organ system?

skeletal muscles and associated tendons

what are the functions of the muscular organ system?

provides movement

provides protection and support for other tissues

generates heat that maintains body temperature

what are the major organs in the nervous organ system?

brain and spinal cord, peripheral nerves (attaches to brain and spinal cord), and sense organs

what are the functions of the nervous organ system?

* tells muscles and glands what to do based on the information it receives

directs immediate responses to stimuli

coordinates/moderates other organ systems

provides and interprets sensory information

what are the major functions in the endocrine organ system?

pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands

pancreas and gonads

endocrine tissues in other systems

what are the functions of the endocrine organ system?

* associated with hormones

directs long-term changes in other organ systems

adjusts metabolic activity and energy use

controls many structural and functional changes during development

what are the major organs in the cardiovascular organ system?

heart, blood, and blood vessels

what are the functions of the cardiovascular organ system?

distributes blood cells, water, nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and CO2

distributes heat to control body temperature (chooses where to distribute)

what are the major organs in the lymphatic (immune) organ system?

spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils

what are the functions of the lymphatic (immune) organ system?

defends against infection and disease by increasing concentration of white blood cells

returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

what are the major organs in the respiratory organ system?

nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli

what are the functions of the respiratory organ system?

delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas exchange occur)

provides oxygen to bloodstream

removes CO2 from bloodstream

produces sounds for communication

what are the major organs in the digestive organ system?

* one long tube from mouth to anus

teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancrease

what are the functions of the digestive organ system?

processes and digests food

absorbs and conserves water

absorbs nutrients

stores energy reserves

what are the major organs in the urinary organ system?

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

what are the functions of the urinary organ system?

excretes waste products from blood

controls water balance by regulating volume or urine produced

stores urine prior to voluntary elimination

regulates blood ion concentrations and pH

regulates blood pressure through hydration

what are the major organs in the male reproductive organ system?

testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate glands, penis, and scrotum

what are the functions of the male reproductive organ system?

produce male sex cells (sperm), seminal fluids, and hormones

sexual intercourse

what are the major organs in the female reproductive organ system?

ovaries (eggs), uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands

* vulva: anything you can see

what are the functions of the female reproductive organ system?

produce female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones

supports developing embryo from conception to delivery

provides milk to nourish newborn infant

sexual intercourse