PMLS 1 L1 - HISTORY OF MEDTECH PROFESSION

HIPPOCRATES

"Father of Medicine"

HIPPOCRATES

Author of the Hippocratic Oath

HIPPOCRATES

Diagnosed disease using the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile

BLOOD

Associated with the element of air, which gives the characteristics of cheerfulness.

BLOOD, PHLEGM, YELLOW BILE, BLACK BILE

WHAT IS THE FOUR HUMOR BY HIPPOCRATES?

PHLEGM

Associated with the element of water, which gives the characteristics of calmness and passivity.

YELLOW BILE

Associated with the element of fire, which gives the characteristics of anger and irritability.

BLACK BILE

Associated with the element of earth, which gives the characteristics of sadness.

GALEN

Studied body fluids to assess disorder

GALEN

A Greek physician and philosopher who advocated the 4 humors

UROSCOPY

diagnosing disease by examining urine (color, density, quality

tasting

Urine was tested by ___ it

John Hutchinson

invented the spirometer (measures lung capacity)

Jules Herisson

invented the sphygmomanometer (measures blood pressure)

1816 - Rene Laennec

Stethoscope

1840 - Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Microscope

1850 - Hermann von Helmholz

Ophthalmoscope

1855 - Manuel Garcia

Laryngoscope

1859 - Wilhelm Rontgen

X-ray

1903 - William Einthoven

Electrocardiograph (ECG)

1910 - Elizabeth Kenny

Kenny Method

1927 - Philip Drinker

Drinker Respirator

1939 - Hermann von Helmholz

Heart-Lung Machine

1941 - Forssman, Moniz, Reboul, Rousthoi, Cournand

Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography

Electron microscope

view very small cells (even tumor cells)

Prosthetics

artificial heart valves, artificial blood vessels, electromechanical limbs, reconstructive joints

1660 - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

"Father of Microbiology" — improved the microscope

1796 - Edward Jenner

Discovered smallpox vaccination → start of Immunology

1835 - Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Identified organs by tissue type → start of Histology

1857 - Agostino Bassi

Showed disease can spread via organic material → start of Bacteriology

1866 - Gregor Mendel

Law of inherited traits (genetics, via plants)

1870 - Robert Koch

First photos of bacilli (anthrax), later tubercle bacilli

1877 - Louis Pasteur

Successfully produced the rabies vaccine

1886 - Joseph Lister

Proved airborne organisms cause surgical infections

1886 - Elie Metchnikof

Described phagocytes (white blood cells fighting infection)

VIVIAN HECK

according to ____ The beginning of Medical Technology traces back to 1500BC when intestinal parasites such as Taenia and Ascaris were mentioned in early writings of the book “Ebers Papyrus”.

EBERS PAPYRUS

A book for treatment of diseases

Penetration, Migration, Intestinal Infection

Eber Papyrus Contains the 3 stages of hookworm infection.

PENETRATION

1st Stage: —— - larvae enter through the skin (itching).

MIGRATION

2nd Stage: —— - larvae move through blood and lungs (Larvae Movement).

INTESTINAL INFECTION

3rd Stage: _____ - Larvae mature in the small intestine.

RUTH WILLIAMS

According to ____ - Urine Analysis began during the

Medieval Period (1096 - 1438) as supported by FAD for urine

testing.

Alessandra Giliani

The practice of Medical Technology can be traced back to

the 14th century through _____ an assistant to The physician Mondino de’ Liuzzi at the University of Bologna.

Alessandra Giliani

Was said to perform dissection, handling of blood vessels and bodily fluids, chemical testing, and body preservation.

Alessandra Giliani

considered the first Medical Technologist, but she reportedly died at a young age due to a laboratory-acquired infection.

MARCELO MALPIGHI (1628 - 1694)

Founder of Pathology

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

One of the youngest medical specialists of his time.

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

Founded the free “Archives of Pathology” in Berlin in 1847.

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

Stated Omnis cellula e cellula which means all cells comes from cells.

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

Stated that diseases happen when

there's an imbalance in the body.

HERMANN VON FEHLING (1812-1885)

Performed the first quantitative test for sugar in urine in 1848.

HERMANN VON FEHLING (1812-1885)

Known for Fehling’s Test, which uses a heated solution with urine to detect glucose.

University of Michigan by Dr. Silas Douglas (1844)

The first Chemistry laboratory was established at the

Dr. Silas Douglas

pioneered laboratory instruction in this well-equipped laboratory.

DR. WILLIAM WELSCH (1878)

He established a laboratory at Bellevue Hospital Medical College.

American Medical School

Dr. William Welsch gave the first laboratory course in Pathology offered in an

DR. WILLIAM WELSCH (1885)

He became the first professor of Pathology at John Hopkins University.

DR. WILLIAM OSLER (1896)

Opened the First Clinical Laboratory at the John Hopkins Hospital.

Clinical Laboratory at the John Hopkins Hospital

This laboratory did Urinalysis, Blood Counts, Microbiological Tests, and Malaria Parasite Deduction.

DR. JAMES C. TODD (1908)

Authored the book “A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis” in 1908, which

was later retitled “Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods”

Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods

Authored the book “A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis” in 1908,

was later retitled as ______ Dr. Todd and Dr. Arthur Sanford.

DR. JOHN KOLMER (1919)

Published “The Demand for and Training for Laboratory Technicians”

3500

In 1919, 100 male technicians were employed in the United States. In 1920, the number increased to __

Gen. Antonio Luna

Worked at Laboratorio de la Ciudad de Manila in 1887.

Gen. Antonio Luna

Worked at Laboratorio de la Ciudad de Manila in 1887.

BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES (BUREAU OF SCIENCE)

Was established in 1901 by the US Government.

Calle Herran (now Pedro Gil), Ermita, Manila

BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES (BUREAU OF SCIENCE).Located along

BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES (BUREAU OF SCIENCE)

Conducted research, disease control, and specialized in the study of malaria, cholera, etc.

26TH MEDICAL INFANTRY OF THE 6TH US

THE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PRACTICE WAS INTRODUCE _______ bo, WORLD WAR II

DR. ALFREDO PIO DE RODA

Organized the Manila Public Health Laboratory using the remnants of the deserted laboratory left by the US Army.

MARIANO ICASIANO

Assisted Dr. Pio de Roda in the reorganization of the Manila Public Health Laboratory.

1947

Dr. Pio de Roda and Prudencia Sta. Ana trained high school graduates to work as medical technicians.

1954

A 6 months laboratory training with certification upon completion was given to the trainees.

Philippine Union College and Manila Sanitarium Hospital.

The first BS Degree course in Medical Technology was offered by

the __

Dr. Jesse Umali

After 2 years, Philippine Union College produced its first graduate, ___-

William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine

In 1895 University of Pennsylvania opened the ____

William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine

one of the first clinical labs; highlighted the role of lab technicians

1918 - John Kolmer

published The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians

clinical pathology, bacteriology, microbiology, serology, radiology

In 1920 Labs were organized into 4–5 divisions: __— — headed by a chief physician

Laboratorio Municipal de Manila

1876–1887: Provincial medical officers appointed; __- established (1886, expanded 1887) for food/water/clinical sample testing