VERBS AND VERB TENSES

is

identify helping verb

Where is he going?

It does not have a verb.

Why is the following not a correct sentence?

The clown sad.

They ran.

Which sentence does not have a helping verb?

· They ran.

· Did they run?

· They didn’t run.

· Were they running?

verb

A ________ is a word that describes a physical or mental action or a state of being.

one

A complete sentence must have at least ________ verb.

base form

past form

participle form

name 3 primary forms of a verb

base form

The ___________ is used for simple present tense

past form

_______ is used for simple past tense

participle form

_________ is used for more complicated time situations. These types of verbs are accompanied by a helping verb. 

(Think of participles as “helper forms”, they team up with be or have, or act like adjectives. Can be any tense)

• past participle → -ed or irregular form, describes an action that has already happened

• present participle → -ing describes an action that is happening or is about to

• perfect participle → -en describes an action that has been completed

list the types of participle form

-ed

To make the past or participle form of a regular verb, we just add _______.

• regular: typically add -ed for past tense and past participle (walk = walked)

• irregular: don’t follow a consistent pattern for tenses and changes the spelling (go = went = gone)

the difference between regular and irregular verbs

regular

• end = ended

• jump = jumped

• explain = explained

regular or irregular?

end

jump

explain

irregular

• eat = ate

• take = took

• go = went

• come = came

regular or irregular?

eat

take

go

come

simple

A _________ sentence has a subject and a verb.

past tense verbs

__________ are used for a time in the past

present tense verbs

___________ are used for something that happens regularly or for a state or condition right now.

3

how many verbs are in the sentence?

The two cousins live, work, and vacation together.

2

how many verbs are in the sentence?

The girls planned by phone, and then they met at the movies.

helping verb

A _______ is a supporting verb that accompanies a main verb.

am, are, is, was, were, be, being, been

forms of helping verb “to be”

have, has, had, having

forms of helping verb “to have”

do, does, did, doing

forms of helping verb “to do”

will, would, can, could, must, might, should

some modals (used like helping verbs)

did

identify helping verb

Did they win?

want

identify helping verb

I don’t want that.

can't

identify helping verb

The boys can‘t go.

progressive tense

The ___________ is used for an action that is or was ongoing. It takes base form of the main verb plus -ing.

Present progressive

happening now, over a continuous period of time

past or present progressive tense?

I am taking French this semester.

Past progressive

happened over a continuous period of time in the past

past or present progressive tense?

I was working when you stopped by.

perfect tense

The ________ is used to cover two time periods. It takes the participle form of the main verb.

Present perfect

started in the past and continues to present

present or past perfect tense?

I have lived here for three years.

Past perfect

started and finished in the past, overlapping in time with another action

present or past perfect tense?

I had finished half of my homework when my computer stopped working.

Present perfect progressive

started in the past, took place for a period of time, and continues to present

present perfect progressive or past perfect progressive tense?

I have been walking for hours!

Past perfect progressive

started in the past, took place for a period of time, and ended

present perfect progressive or past perfect progressive tense?

She had been asking for a raise for months before she finally received one.