National 5 Physics - Waves
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20 Terms
What do all waves transfer?
Energy
What is the definition of a transverse wave?
A wave in which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.
What is the definition of a longitudinal wave?
A wave in which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer.
What are two examples of transverse waves?
Water waves and waves on the electromagnetic spectrum
What is one example of a longitudinal wave?
Sound waves
What is a wave’s frequency?
The number of waves passing a point per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
What is a wave’s period?
The time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a point, measured in seconds.
What is a wave’s wavelength?
The distance between two consecutive points on a wave, such as crest to crest or trough to trough, measured in meters.
What is a wave’s amplitude?
The distance from the resting point to a crest or trough, measured in metres.
What is the relationship between amplitude and energy produced?
The amplitude of a wave is directly proportional to the energy it carries; higher amplitudes correspond to greater energy levels.
What is the speed of light in air?
3 × 108 ms-1
What is the speed of sound in air?
340 ms-1, depending on temperature and pressure.
What do all electromagnetic waves have in common?
They are all transverse waves and they all travel at the speed of light.
What is the order of the members of the electromagnetic spectrum, from lowest to highest frequency?
Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
Which member of the electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelength/lowest frequency?
Radio waves
Which member of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength/highest frequency?
Gamma rays
What detects radio waves?
Aerials and receivers.
What detects microwaves?
Aerials and receivers.
What detects ultraviolet radiation?
Fluorescent materials and photographic film.
What detects infrared radiation?
Photodiodes and infrared cameras.