all gas law formulas, STP, SATP

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21 Terms

1
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boyle’s law

  • Volume is inversely proportional to pressure at constant T and n

  • P1V1 = P2V2

2
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charles’ law

  • volume is directly proportional to temperature in Kelvin at constant P and n

  • V1/V2 = T1/T2

3
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Gay-Lussac’s law

  • pressure is directly proportional to temperature in kelvin at constant V and n

  • P1/P2 = T1/T2

4
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combined gas law

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 at constant n/m and T in kelvin

5
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Avagadro’s law/hypothesis

  • number of moles of gas is directly proportional to volume at constant T and P

  • n1/n2 = V1/V2

6
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Density of a gas

Dgas = mm/mV at specific T and P

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Density

D = m/v

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ideal gas law

PV = nRT

9
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use ideal gas law to find density

  • D = m/V

  • V = m/D

  • substitute V = m/D into PV = nRT

  • Pm/d = nRT

  • Pm = nRTD

  • D = Pm/nRT

10
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use ideal gas law to find molar volume

  • PV = nRT

  • V = nRT/P

  • V/n = RT/P

  • since V/n is molar volume, mV = RT / P

11
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use ideal gas law to find mm

  • substitute n = m/mm into PV = nRT

  • PV = mRT/mm

  • mmPV = mRT

  • mm = mRT/PV

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standard conditions

  • PSTP = 101.3 kPa

  • TSTP = 0.00000 degrees C or 273.15 K

  • mVSTP = 22.4 L/mol

13
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Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure

  • PSATP = 100.0 kPa

  • TSATP = 25.00 degrees C = 298.15 kPa

  • mVSATP = 24.8 L/mol

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universal gas constant

R = 8.314 kPaL/Kmol

15
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Pressure formula

P = force /area

16
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ng ∝ V

  • mole ratios of reacting gases are equal to volume ratios at constant T, P

  • makes it so that volume ratios are mole ratios

  • only for ideal gases

  • cannot use for other states

17
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density of water at SATP

1.00 g/ml

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how to determine mass of water depending on density at SATP

  • DH2O = 1.00g/ml

  • for example, VH2O = 50.0 ml

  • g = D x V = (1.00 g/ml)(50.0 ml)

  • g = 50.0 g

19
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pressure = force / area

newtons (N) / m2 = Pascal (Pa)

20
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directly proportional units of pressure


101.3 kPa = 1.00 atm = 760.00 mmHg or 760.0 torr

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all units of measurement conversions

  • P: peta 1015

  • T: tetra 1012

  • G: giga 109

  • M: mega 106

  • k: kilo 103

  • h: hecto 102

  • da: deca 101

  • 100

  • d: deci 10-1

  • c: centi 10-2

  • m: milli 10-3

  • µ: micro 10-6

  • n: nano 10-9

  • p: pico 10-12

  • f: femto 10-15