One Shot—I

Charge on one electrone (e–)

1.6×10↑-¹⁹ Coulomb

Speed of light in vaccum

3×10⁸ m/s

Formula of Volt

V=IR

Formula of Current

I=Q/T

Formula of Charge

Q=ne

Formula of Energy

E=VIT

Formula of Heat

H=I²RT

Formula of Power

P=VI, P=I²R, P=V²/R, P=W/T, P=E/T

Formation of Quick Lime

CaCO³ → CaO + CO²

Formation of Slaked Lime

CaO + H²O → Ca[OH]²

Formation and Uses of NaOH[Caustic Soda]

2NaCl + H²O → 2NaOH + Cl² + H²

• ¹Soap and Detergent making, ²Paper Industry, ³Oil Refining, ⁴PVC Manufacture, ⁵Pesticides

Formation and Uses of Bleaching Powder

Ca[OH]² + Cl → CaOCl² + H²O

• ¹Oxidizing Agent, ²Disinfectant, ³Textile Industry, ⁴Paper Industry, ⁵Household Cleaning

Formation of Baking Soda

NaCl + CO² + H²O + NH³ → NaHCO³ + NH⁴Cl

• ¹Antacid, ²Fire Extinguisher, ³Baking Powder

Formation of Washing Soda

2NaHCO³ → Na²O³ + H²O + CO²

Na²O³ + 10H²O → Na²O³.10H²O

• ¹Glass Industry, ²Soap Industry, ³Paper Industry, ⁴Cleaning Agent, ⁵Remive Hardness of Water

Formation and Uses of Plaster of Paris[POP]

CaSO⁴.2H²O → CaSO⁴.½ H²O + 1½ H²O

• ¹Support Fractured Bones, ²Making Toys, ³Decorative Material, ⁴ For Making Wall/Surface Smooth

How to Distinguish between Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid

Use Litmus paper or Baking Soda

Brass[पीतल] is a mixture of

Copper[Cu] and Zinc[Zn]

Bronze[कांसा] is a mixture of

Copper[Cu] and Tin[Sn]

Steel in a mixture of

Iron[Fe] and Carbon[C]

Stainless Steel is a mixture of

Iron[Fe], Nikkle[Ni] and Chromium[Cr]

Amalgum is a mixture of

Mercury[Hg] and any other metal

Solder is a mixture of

Lead[Pb] and Tin[Sn]

Alnico is a mixture of

Aluminium[Al], Nikkel[Ni] and Cobalt[Co]

Functional Group and Suffix of Alcohol

Functional Group— OH

Suffix— ol

Functional Group and Suffix of Carboxylic Acid

Functional Group— COOH

Suffix— oic acid

Functional Group and Suffix of Aldehyde

Functional Group— CHO

Suffix— al

Functional Group and Suffix of Ketone

Functional Group— C=O

Suffix— one

Functional Group and Suffix of Easter

Functional Group— C–O–C

Suffix— ate

Elements that have property of Catenation instead of Carbon

Silicon and Sulphur

Cause of Hard Water

Calcium[Ca] and Magnesium[Mg] salts

Which Alkaline absorbs CO²

Potassium Hydroxide[KOH]

Which Chemical Compound shows Photolytic Decomposition

Silver Chloride[AgCl] and Silver Bromide[AgBr]

Which Metal reacts with Dil.HCl very vigorously

Magnesium[Mg]

Oxidizing Agents

KMnO⁴, K²Cr²O⁷ and HNO³

Soap is a

Sodium[Na] and Potassium[K] salt of Fatty Acid

Detergents is a

Derivatives of Sulfonic Acid and Sulphuric Acid of Sodium and Ammonium salts

Anhydrous Agent

H²SO⁴[Absorbs Water]

Which Metal Nitrate form “ Metal Oxide + Nitrogen Dioxide + Oxygen”

Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb and Cu[Ca to Cu]

Metals that melts even at Body Temperature

Gallium[Ga–29.7°C] and Ceasium[Cs–28.4°C]

Metals that reacts with Dil. Nitric Acid[HNO³] to evolve H² gas

K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, Mn and Cr [entire higher reactive metals above H + Mn or Cr]

Metals whose surface form Oxide layer to prevent them for further oxidation

Mg, Al, Zn and Pb

Metals that reacts with cold water

K, Na and Ca only

Metals that reacts with Hot water

Magnesium[Mg] only

Metals that reacts with Steam

Al, Zn and Fe

Metals that Stick with Hydrogen Bubble and float on water

Calcium[Ca] and Magnesium[Mg]

Metals Oxide which are soluble in water

K²O, Na²O, CaO and MgO

Metal Sulphides that shows auto–reduction

PbS, Cu²S and HgS

Metal Carbonates that shows auto-reduction

HgCO³ and AgCO³ only

Chemical Test to distinguish between Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Bromine Water Test— Of colour changed then unsaturated hydrocarbons otherwise saturated hydrocarbons

Blood Pressure Measurement Machine

Spygmomanometer