NYU General Chemistry Chapter 1

Chemistry

study of matter, its properties, and electron behavior

Matter

anything that has mass and occupies space

Composition

types and amounts of simpler substances that make up a sample of matter

Substance

matter that has definite, fixed composition and distinct properties; has a certain quality

Mixture

2 or more substances physically mingling

Property

observable characteristic

Physical Property

can be measure/observed without changing its identity (includes density, melting/boiling point)

Chemical Property

can only be observed during a chemical change

Macroscopic Properties

can be measured directly

Submicroscopic Properties

cannot be measure directly

Kinetic Energy

energy due to motion

Potential Energy

energy due to position

Mass

measure of quantity of matter in an object

Weight

force that gravity exerts on an object

Heat

transfer of thermal energy from warmer object to cooler object

Temperature

measure of amount of thermal energy an object has

Extensive Properties

dependent on amount of substance (ex. mass, volume, energy)

Intensive Properties

independent of amount of substance (ex. density, temperature)

Accuracy

close to the "right" value

Precision

how close numbers are to each other