Unit 4 Drug List

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

Digoxin = Stronger, Slower Heart." ❤🐢

❤ Stronger squeeze → helps the heart pump blood better.
🐢 Slower heart rate → helps control certain abnormal heart rhythms.

         digoxin (Lanoxin®)   

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES=Digoxin = Stronger, Slower Heart." ❤🐢Antidote for digoxin toxicity

digoxin immune fab

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

Digoxin = Stronger, Slower Heart." ❤🐢

❤ Stronger squeeze → helps the heart pump blood better.
🐢 Slower heart rate → helps control certain abnormal heart rhythms.

digoxin (Lanoxin®)   

   Antidote for digoxin toxicity - digoxin immune fab

"DIG goes bad? Grab FAB!" 🚑

Nitrates (Vasodilators) — Easy Summary

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels so blood flows more easily.

"NITRO opens the ROAD." 🛣/ "Nitro = Open the pipes!" 🩸

nitroglycerin (Nitro-Bid®, Nitro stat®)

         isosorbide (Isordil®)

"NITRO and ISO open vessels to ease chest pain."

Nitrates (Vasodilators) — Easy Summary

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels so blood flows more easily.

"NITRO opens the ROAD." 🛣/ "Nitro = Open the pipes!" 🩸

single drug

         nitroglycerin (Nitro-Bid®, Nitro stat®)

Nitrates (Vasodilators) — Easy Summary

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels so blood flows more easily.

"NITRO opens the ROAD." 🛣/ "Nitro = Open the pipes!" 🩸

single drug

         isosorbide (Isordil®)

Beta Blockers (-lol drugs)
➡ Slow heart rate ❤🐢
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN, angina, arrhythmias

"-LOL = Lowers the heart's speed." ❤🐢

propranolol (Inderal®)

         metoprolol (Lopressor®)

         nadolol

         atenolol (Tenormin®)

nebivolol (Bystolic®)

special- carvedilol (Coreg®)- (alpha-1 blocker too)

Beta Blockers (-lol drugs)
➡ Slow heart rate ❤🐢
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN, angina, arrhythmias

"-LOL = Lowers the heart's speed." ❤🐢

3 drugs

propranolol (Inderal®)

         metoprolol (Lopressor®)

         nadolol

Beta Blockers (-lol drugs)
➡ Slow heart rate ❤🐢
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN, angina, arrhythmias

"-LOL = Lowers the heart's speed." ❤🐢

2 drugs

atenolol (Tenormin®)

nebivolol (Bystolic®)

Beta Blockers (-lol drugs)
➡ Slow heart rate ❤🐢
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN, angina, arrhythmias

"-LOL = Lowers the heart's speed." ❤🐢

1 drugs

carvedilol (Coreg®)- (alpha-1 blocker too)          

"Carvedilol does DOUBLE duty."

Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs)

➡ Relax blood vessels 🩸
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN and angina ❤

all drugs

Dihydropyridines

"All the DIPINES make BP dip." ⬇

• Nifedipine

• Amlodipine

• Nisoldipine

Nondihydropyridines

"VERA & DIL slow the heart." ❤🐢

• Verapamil

• Diltiazem

Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs)

➡ Relax blood vessels 🩸
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN and angina ❤

1. Dihydropyridines "

All end in -dipine :

• Nife dipine (Procardia®)

• Amlo dipine (Norvasc®)

• Nisol dipine

Catchy Phrase

"DIP the pressure down." 🩸⬇

-DIPINE = …. = lowers BP by relaxing vessels

Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) Block CALCIUM→relax VESSELS

➡ Relax blood vessels 🩸
➡ Lower blood pressure ⬇
➡ Treat HTN and angina ❤

2. Nondihydropyridines

• Verapamil

• Diltiazem (Cardizem®)

Catchy Phrase

"VERA and DIL slow the heartbeat." ❤🐢

These affect the heart more than the -dipines .

What do diuretics do?

🚽 Make you pee out extra water and salt.

This: Lowers blood volume 🩸⬇ Lowers blood pressure ⬇

"Diuretics DRY you out to lower BP."

Thiazide =The original/classic group

Hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ )

"HCTZ = High blood pressure? Catch The Zee!" 😴⬇

What do diuretics do?

🚽 Make you pee out extra water and salt.

This: Lowers blood volume 🩸⬇ Lowers blood pressure ⬇

"Diuretics DRY you out to lower BP."

Thiazide-Like Diuretics= Work almost the same way as thiazides

• Often last longer and may lower BP more effectively

full drugs

chlorthalidone

 indapamide

metolazone

"CHLOR, INDA, and META make water EXIT-a!" 🚽💧

What do diuretics do? 🚽 Make you pee out extra water and salt.

Lowers blood volume 🩸⬇ Lowers blood pressure ⬇

"Diuretics DRY you out to lower BP."

Thiazide-Like Diuretics

1

chlorthalidone

What do diuretics do? 🚽 Make you pee out extra water and salt.

Lowers blood volume 🩸⬇ Lowers blood pressure ⬇

"Diuretics DRY you out to lower BP."

Thiazide-Like Diuretics

2

indapamide

What do diuretics do? 🚽 Make you pee out extra water and salt.

Lowers blood volume 🩸⬇ Lowers blood pressure ⬇

"Diuretics DRY you out to lower BP."

Thiazide-Like Diuretics

3

metolazone

diueretics= Loop

Action:
➡ Powerful pee medicine 🚽💧
➡ Removes excess fluid
➡ Lowers BP

full drug

• Furosemide (Lasix)

• Torsemide (Demadex)

"SEMIDE = Send Me to the bathroom!" 🚽
"Lasix last six." ⏰💧

diueretics= Loop

Action:
➡ Powerful pee medicine 🚽💧
➡ Removes excess fluid
➡ Lowers BP

1

furosemide (Lasix®)

diueretics= Loop

Action:
➡ Powerful pee medicine 🚽💧
➡ Removes excess fluid
➡ Lowers BP

2

torsemide (Demadex®)

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

🚽 Make you pee, BUT keep (spare) potassium (K⁺) .

Most diuretics can lower potassium, but these help prevent potassium loss

full drug

• Triamterene (Dyrenium®)

• Amiloride

• Spironolactone (Aldactone®)

"TRY A MILLION SPARES K!" 🔋

• TRY = Triamterene

• A MIL = Amiloride

• SPIR = Spironolactone

• SPARES K = Potassium-sparing

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

🚽 Make you pee, BUT keep (spare) potassium (K⁺) .

Most diuretics can lower potassium, but these help prevent potassium loss

1

triamterene (Dyrenium®)

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

🚽 Make you pee, BUT keep (spare) potassium (K⁺) .

Most diuretics can lower potassium, but these help prevent potassium loss

2

amiloride

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

🚽 Make you pee, BUT keep (spare) potassium (K⁺) .

Most diuretics can lower potassium, but these help prevent potassium loss

3-special drug

spironolactone (Aldactone®)

• Blocks aldosterone

• Keeps potassium

• Most commonly tested

"SPIRO SPARES POTASSIUM."

Alpha-1 Blockers

🩸 Relax and open blood vessels , which lowers blood pressure.

full drug

• Prazosin (Minipress®)

• Terazosin

• Doxazosin (Cardura®)

"The AZOSINs open the veins." 🩸

Alpha-2 Central Agonists=brain's control center .

🧠 They work in the brain (central nervous system) to tell the body:

"Calm down!"

This causes:
❤ Heart rate ↓
🩸 Blood pressure ↓

• Clonidine

• Methyldopa

"CLONE and METH tell the brain to CHILL." 🧠😴

chill= lowers BP

Alpha-2 Central Agonists=brain's control center .

1

clonidine

Alpha-2 Central Agonists=brain's control center .

2

methyldopa

Vasodilators

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels → blood flows easier → blood pressure goes down.

Vessel Openers."

full drug

• Hydralazine

• Minoxidil (Rogaine®)

• Nitroprusside (Nipride®, Nitropress®)

"HYDRA, MINI, and NITRO open the highway." 🛣🩸

Highway opens = blood vessels dilate

Vasodilators

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels → blood flows easier → blood pressure goes down.

Vessel Openers."

1

hydralazine

Vasodilators

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels → blood flows easier → blood pressure goes down.

2

         minoxidil (Rogaine®)

Vasodilators

🩸 Open (dilate) blood vessels → blood flows easier → blood pressure goes down.

3 drug

nitroprusside (Nipride®, Nitropress®)

NITRO = OPEN NOW!

ACE Inhibitors

🩸 Relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.

full drug

• Capto pril

• Enala pril (Vasotec®)

• Lisino pril (Zestril®)

• Benaze pril (Lotensin®)

• Quina pril

• Rami Pril

"PRIL = Pressure Relief."

"All the PRIL drugs lower pressure by relaxing blood vessels."

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists/blockers (ARBs)

🩸 Relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.

"ARBs block angiotensin so vessels relax." 🩸⬇

Olmesartan (Benicar®)

"SARTAN says 'Relax, arteries!'"

Renin Inhibitors=🩸 Block renin ,

a substance that starts a chain reaction that raises blood pressure./ "No renin = lower pressure." 🩸⬇

➡ Blood vessels relax
➡ Blood pressure goes down

Aliskiren (Tekturna®)

"ALI KICKS RENIN." 🦵

Antiarrhythmics (Antidysrhythmics) /

❤ Fix abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

Class I

• Quinidine

• Procainamide

• Lidocaine (Xylocaine®)

"QUICK PROs LOVE rhythm." ❤🎵

"QUINN, PRO, and LIDO fix the rhythm." ❤🔧

QUINN + PRO + LIDO = Rhythm Fixers ❤

Antiarrhythmics (Antidysrhythmics) /

❤ Fix abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

Class I

drug 1

quinidine

Antiarrhythmics (Antidysrhythmics) /

❤ Fix abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

Class I

drug 2

procainamide

Antiarrhythmics (Antidysrhythmics) /

❤ Fix abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

Class I

drug 3

lidocaine (Xylocaine®)

Class II Antiarrhythmics =

Chill the heart."

❤ Slow the heart rate and help control abnormal heart rhythms.

Beta Blockers

Antiarrhythmics

Class III

❤ Helps keep the heart beating in a regular rhythm and prevents abnormal rhythms.

Amiodarone

"A-ME-O Rhythm" 🎵❤

"AMIO fixes rhythm." ❤🎵

Class IV 

❤ Slow the heart rate
⚡ Slow electrical signals through the heart

This helps control abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) .

Calcium Channel Blockers (nondihydropyridines)

"VERA and DIL make the heart CHILL." 😎❤

Other Antiarrhythmic:

adenosine

❤ Adenosine quickly slows down the heart's electrical activity to stop certain fast heart rhythms.

emergency OFF switch for a racing heart."

SVT (supraventricular tachycardia) = very fast heart rate from above the ventricles

A Delay Ends the Overactive rhythm." ⏸❤