Puritanism 4

Nicodemism

The simulation of a religious practice that is not true to one's actual beliefs, often used as a strategy for self-preservation during persecution.

Elizabethan Settlement

A series of laws enacted under Queen Elizabeth I that established the Church of England's liturgy and practices.

Adiaphora

What the Bible does not dictate, allowing for variation in practice.

Marian exiles

Protestants who fled England during the reign of Mary I to escape persecution and later returned to support Elizabeth I.

The Book of Common Prayer

A significant liturgical text for the Church of England, reestablished by the Act of Uniformity during Elizabeth I's reign.

Vestiarian controversy

A conflict regarding the regulation of clerical dress code that emerged as Puritans resisted imposed rules.

Excommunication

The act of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.

Puritan names

Names given by Puritans to their children, often drawn from the Bible or embodying religious virtues.

Social tension

Strain in community relations often caused by differing beliefs or practices, a notable outcome of Puritan attitudes.

Counter-culture

A movement that rejects the norms and values of the prevailing culture, exemplified by the Puritans' distinct practices.

The Royal Injunctions

A set of rules and orders issued by Elizabeth I that clergy were required to follow under the Elizabethan Settlement.

Sermons

Religious speeches delivered by clergy, typically with the purpose of teaching or providing moral guidance.

Cultural representation

The portrayal or inclusion of certain groups within society; Puritans were a small but widespread presence.

Piety

The quality of being religious or reverent, often marked by strict adherence to spiritual practices.

The Virgin Queen

A moniker for Elizabeth I, emphasizing her image as a strong female leader who upheld traditional values.

Mockery of Puritans

The ridicule and derision faced by Puritans in society, often portrayed in pamphlets and theatre.

What distinguished Puritans from other Protestants?

Their strong anti-Catholicism and the private element of their practice, as well as its intensity.

Puritanism is both

A theological and social movement.

According to Collinson Puritans were

Estranged from the rest of society.

Demographic percentage of Puritans

10 to 15%

Puritans camapained for further reform from

The late 1550s

Puritan clergy was recognizable by

• The emphasis on biblical text, preaching, devotional exercises, sacramental preparation and pastoral care

• Its opposition to the Book of Common Prayer, to priestly vestments such as the surplice, and to ostentatious signs that could seem idolatrous (receiving communion on one's knees or making the sign of the cross in baptism)

London

Was the biggest city of Europe in the 17th century.

Antinomianism

A small religious branch in which people believe that men are under no obligation to follow God’s moral law.

For Lucy Hutchinson, Puritanism lasted

From the “the great revolution” (the return of the Marian exiles and the establishment of a Protestant national church) to the destruction of a Presbyterian movement by Elizabeth.

C. H. George thinks Puritans should be defined

As conforming, beneficed ministers who wished to limit the concept of adiaphora, to improve the quality and frequency of sermons, and to influence more agressively the ethics of the laity.

Under Edward VI

Protestantism

Under Mary I

Catholicism

The practicalities of religion changes

Were expensive

Elizabeth I took decisions with her Parliament

And did not pass laws under religious prerogative only.

Consensus on Elizabeth I’s confession

Moderate Protestant

Elizabeth I did not push for too much reform

To avoid antagonizing the Catholics.

Elizabeth’s willingness to compromise

Led to the dissatisfaction that would give birth to the Puritans.

Elizabeth I changed her title

From supreme Head to supreme governor of the Church.

Elizabeth believed that for political peace

The State religion had to be uniform in its beliefs and practices. No different interpretations of the adiaphora.

Protestant Marian exiles and moderate Protestant

Accused each other of not having done the right thing under Mary (flee or convert).

Elizabeth didn’t like the Marian exiles because

They followed Jean Calvin, who supported John Knox, who had published a book which she despised: The First Blast of the Trumpet against the Monstrous Regiment of Women.

Visitations

In every parish and church, officers would make sure that everything was respected.

In reaction to the Book of Common Prayer

Some pastors refused to conform and decided to quit the clergy.

Puritans will always want

To stay within the Church of England.

The Puritans acquire the reputation of being

Against the Queen.