HS.Bio.9 Mutations and Genetic Engineering

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9 Terms

1

Genome

a full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.

2

Sex Chromosome

one of two chromosomes that determines an individual's sex assigned at birth. XX - female and XY male

3

Autosome

chromosome that is not a sex chromosome....also called autosomal chromosome

4

Mutation

change in a DNA sequence for a variety of reasons.

5

Mutagen

a chemical or physical agent (thing) that changes DNA

6

Silent Mutation

mutation that does not effect the amino acid

7

Point Mutation

substitution of a nucleotide; can effect one codon/ amino acid

8

Frameshift Mutation

addition or deletion of a nucleotide which then effects the entire strand of DNA

9

Chromosomal Mutation

alter the chromosome by removing, inserting, reversing or duplicating whole genes