Physical Examination Final

What is used to examine the interior structures of the eyes?

Ophthalmoscope

Pulse oximeter measures what?

Oxygen in blood

What is tinnitus?

Ringing in the ears

What blood pressure is normal values for adults?

120/80

What is normal range of respirations for adults?

12-20 breaths per minute

What speciality treats disorders and diseases of the eyes?

Ophthalmology

What does SOAP stand for and what is it?

Subjective, objective, assessment, plan. Used by medical professionals to document in a structured and organized way.

What are the normal pulse ox% readings for pulse oximeter?

95-100%

What is systolic when obtaining blood pressure reading?

Systolic blood pressure (the first and higher number) measures pressure inside your arteries when your heart beats

What is Diastolic when obtaining blood pressure reading?

Diastolic blood pressure is the second number. It measures the pressure your blood is pushing against your artery walls while the heart muscle rests between beats.

What position is used to examine female genitalia?

Lithotomy

What is normal blood pressure for children?

100/65

What is BMI?

Measures height and weight. Body mass index.

What is hypertension?

High blood pressure

What is hypotension?

Low blood pressure

Where do we document the main reasons for the patient coming to the clinic?

Chief complaint

With BMI at 30 is it considered normal or obese?

Obese. Normal BMI is 18.5-24.9

What does apnea mean?

Absent of breath

What does diaphoresis mean?

Sweating, symptom or disease or side effect from drug

What does tachycardia mean?

Faster than normal heart rate

What does bradycardia mean?

Slower than normal heart rate

What is the instrument used for a neurological reflex?

Reflex hammer

When checking a patients eye exam, you are checking for

Visual acuity

Blood pressure over what level is considered high?

140-90

What should the blood pressure of a 10 year old be?

100/65

Abnormal findings on a temperature of a child is

38 degrees Celsius, 100.4 Fahrenheit

What is a closed ended question?

Straightforward question that usually is answered with yes or no, true or false etc.

Why is it good to ask open ended questions?

It allows the patient to elaborate.

What is a nasal speculum used to examine?

Nose

What is not a common symptom of an ear infection for a child?

Vomiting

What is intraocular pressure known as and can cause vision disturbances and blindness?

Glaucoma

What is conjunctivitis?

A bacterial infection, also known as pink eye. Inflammation of the transparent membrane that lines the eyelid and eyeball.

What is the chief complaint?

The main reason the patient is there for that day

What is an anoscope?

Used to inspect the anal canal

Is a medical record a legal document?

Yes.

Measuring an adults height should be

Nearest 1/4

What is febrile?

Having a fever

What is afebrile?

Not feverish

What is palpation?

A physical exam technique that involves using the hands or fingers to feel and touch the body

What is rales?

Rales, also known as crackles, are abnormal lung sounds heard during inhalation often indicating fluid or inflammation in the small airways

Which thermometer takes the temperature from an arterial area?

Temporal artery thermometer ( TA )

Most accurate way to take a child under 4's temperature?

Rectally

How do you convert oral temperature to rectal temperature?

Rectal ( R ) will always be one degree higher.

How do you convert oral temperature to axillary temperature?

Axillary ( AX ) will always be one degree lower.

Dyspnea

Difficult or painful breathing

Tachycardia

Rapid heartrate, usually in excess of 100 beats per minute.

Hypoxemia

Subnormal oxygenation of arterial blood, short of anoxia.

Hypotension

Low blood pressure.

Bradycardia

Slow heartrate; usually less than 60 beats per minute.

Hyperpnea

Abnormally deep, rapid breathing

Tachypnea

Abnormally rapid breathing

Difference between tachypnea and hyperpnea?

Hyperpnea is breathing more deeply and sometimes faster than usual. It's normal during exercise or exertion. Tachypnea is rapid, shallow breathing, when you take more than the normal amount of breaths per minute.

Hypertension

High blood pressure.

Sleep apnea

Condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleeping.

Sphygmomanometer

Instrument for measuring blood pressure; consists of an inflatable cuff, a pressure bulb used to inflate cuff, and a device used to read the pressure.

Stethoscope

Instrument that amplifies internal body sounds

How to prevent fevers?

Increase fluids, tepid bath ( no shivering ), light clothing, keeping clothing and bedding dry, anti-pyretic meds such as Tylenol or ibuprofen

What is hyperpyrexia and how is it different from pyrexia?

Hyperpyrexia is a possibly fatal very high fever, usually from 105 to 106. Pyrexia is a standard fever, usually ranging from 101 to 104.9. Low grade fevers range from 99 to 100.9.

What temperature water when irrigating the ear?

Body temp

What is hordeolum?

Stye, infection of a sebaceous ( oil ) gland of the eyelid.

What is cerumen?

Ear wax

What is otitis media?

Acute infection of the middle ear.

What is External Otitis (Swimmer's Ear)?

Inflammation of outer ear canal

What is Meniere's disease?

Causes edema of the labyrinth of inner ear.

What is myopia?

nearsightedness, have trouble seeing objects at a distance

What is astigmatism?

Uneven curvature of the cornea resulting in a scattering of light rays producing blurry vision

What is hyperopia?

farsightedness (can't see close up)