Periodic Table of Elements 1-54

Hydrogen - Nonmetal

H

Helium - Nonmetal

He

Lithium - Metal

Li

Beryllium - Metal

Be

Boron - Metalloid

B

Carbon - Nonmetal

C

Nitrogen - Nonmetal

N

Oxygen - Nonmetal

O

Fluorine - Nonmetal

F

Neon - Nonmetal

Ne

Sodium - Metal

Na

Magnesium - Metal

Mg

Aluminum - Metal

Al

Silicon - Metalloid

Si

Phosphorus - Nonmetal

P

Sulfur - Nonmetal

S

Chlorine - Nonmetal

Cl

Argon - Nonmetal

Ar

Potassium - Metal

K

Calcium - Metal

Ca

Scandium - Metal

Sc

Titanium - Metal

Ti

Vanadium - Metal

V

Chromium - Metal

Cr

Manganese - Metal

Mn

Iron - Metal

Fe

Cobalt - Metal

Co

Nickel - Metal

Ni

Copper - Metal

Cu

Zinc - Metal

Zn

Gallium - Metal

Ga

Germanium - Metalloid

Ge

Arsenic - Metalloid

As

Selenium - Nonmetal

Se

Bromine - Nonmetal

Br

Krypton - Nonmetal

Kr

Rubidium - Metal

Rb

Strontium - Metal

Sr

Yttrium - Metal

Y

Zirconium - Metal

Zr

Niobium - Metal

Nb

Molybdenum - Metal

Mo

Technetium - Metal

Tc

Ruthenium - Metal

Ru

Rhodium - Metal

Rh

Palladium - Metal

Pd

Silver - Metal

Ag

Cadmium - Metal

Cd

Indium - Metal

In

Tin - Metal

Sn

Antimony - Metalloid

Sb

Tellurium - Metalloid

Te

Iodine - Nonmetal

I

Xenon - Nonmetal

Xe

Cesium - Metal

Cs

78 - Platinum - Metal

Pt

79 Gold - Metal

Au

80 Mercury - Metal

Hg

81 Thallium - Metal

Tl 

82 Lead - Metal

Pb

83 Bismuth - Metal

Bi

84 Polonium - Metalloid

Po

85 Astatine - Metalloid

At

86 Radon - Nonmetal

Rn

92 Uranium - Metal

U

Ionic compounds

Formed between metals and nonmetals (transfer of electrons).

Example: Calcium fluoride (CaF₂)

Covalent compounds

Formed between nonmetals (sharing of electrons). Example:

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Polyatomic Ions

Charged groups of atoms bonded covalently. Example: Nitrate (NO₃⁻), sulfate (SO₄²⁻), ammonium (NH₄⁺)

Acids

Binary acids: hydrogen + one nonmetal (e.g., HCl, hydrochloric acid).

Oxyacids: hydrogen + oxygen + another element (e.g., HNO₃, nitric acid)
Binary acids: “hydro” + root + “ic acid” (e.g., HBr → hydrobromic acid).

Oxyacids: “-ate” → “-ic acid” (e.g., NO₃⁻ → nitric acid); “-ite” → “-ous acid” (e.g., NO₂⁻ →

nitrous acid)

Bases

Produce OH⁻ in solution (e.g., NaOH, sodium hydroxide)

pH Scale

pH < 7 = acidic; pH > 7 = basic; pH = 7 = neutral 

Define a mole

The number of things equal to the number to atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12; equals to 6.022 ×10²³ things

Define an acid according to the Arrhenius definition

An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water.

Define a base according to the Arrhenius definition.

A base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH⁻) when dissolved in water.

The atomic mass unit (u)

is a unit that describes the masses of individual atoms and molecules.

The atomic mass

is the weighted average of the masses of all isotopes of an element.

The molar mass of a substance, in grams, is… 

numerically equal to one atom's or molecule's mass in atomic mass units.