Physics unit 1

Vector

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction

Scalar

A quantity that has magnitude only, with no direction

Magnitude

The size or numerical value of a quantity, without regard to direction

Direction

The way a vector points, shown with angles, compass directions, or a positive or negative sign

Position

The location of an object relative to a chosen reference point or origin

Distance

The total length of the path an object travels, a scalar quantity

Displacement

The change in an object's position, a vector quantity measured in a straight line from start to end

Time

The duration over which motion happens, measured in seconds

Average speed

Total distance traveled divided by total time taken, a scalar

Instantaneous speed

The speed of an object at one specific moment, equal to the magnitude of instantaneous velocity at that moment

Constant speed

Speed that stays the same over time, equal distances covered in equal time intervals

Average velocity

Total displacement divided by the time interval it took, a vector

Instantaneous velocity

The velocity of an object at one specific moment, found as the slope of the tangent line on a position time graph at that point

Constant velocity

Velocity that does not change, meaning constant speed in a constant direction, so acceleration is zero

Average acceleration

The change in velocity divided by the time interval over which it happened

Constant acceleration

Acceleration that stays the same over time, velocity changes by equal amounts in equal time intervals

Speed equation

s = d / t, speed equals distance divided by time

Velocity equation

v = change in x divided by change in t, velocity equals displacement divided by time

Velocity with acceleration equation

v = v0 + at, final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration times time

Reading a position time graph

The slope at any point gives velocity. A steeper slope means faster motion, a flat slope means the object is at rest, and a negative slope means the object is moving back toward the origin

Reading a velocity time graph

The slope at any point gives acceleration. A flat line means constant velocity, an upward slope means speeding up in the positive direction, and a downward slope means slowing down or speeding up in the negative direction

Area under a velocity time graph

The area between the line and the time axis equals the displacement over that time interval

positive constant velocity

positive direction at initial position at the origin

negative constant velocity

Negative direction from initial position at the origin

positive constant acceleration

speeding up in the positive direction, initial position at origin, initial velocity at zero

negative constant acceleration

speeding up in the negative direction, initial position at origin, initial velocity at zero

right moving constant acceleration

Moving right but slowing down, initial positive velocity, initial position at origin

left moving constant acceleration

moving left but slowing down, initial negative velocity, initial position at the origin

positive constant velocity - position vs time

positive constant velocity line : y=x

positive constant velocity - velocity vs time

(Positive constant velocity) - Horizantal line, in the top quadrant

positive constant velocity - acceleration vs time

positive constant velocity - horizantal line at origin

negative constant velocity - position vs time

negative constant velocity From the origin going down y=-x

negative constant velocity - velocity vs time

negative constant velocity Horizontal line in the bottom quadrant

negative constant velocity - acceleration vs time

negative constant velocity horizontol line on origin line

positive constant acceleration - position vs time

positive constant acceleration Curved line going up at origin

positive constant acceleration - velocity vs time

positive constant acceleration y=x line going up

postive constant acceleration - acceleration vs time

positive constant acceleration horizontal line in first quadrant

negative constant acceleration- position vs time

negative constant acceleration- curved going down

negative constant acceleration- velocity vs time

negative constant acceleration

negative constant acceleration- acceleration vs time

negative constant acceleration

right moving constant acceleration - position vs time

right moving constant acceleration

right moving constant acceleration - velocity vs time

right moving constant acceleration

right moving constant acceleration - acceleration vs time

right moving constant acceleration

left moving constant acceleration - position vs time

left moving constant acceleration

left moving constant acceleration - velocity vs time

left moving constant acceleration

left moving constant acceleration - acceleration vs time

left moving constant acceleration -