2.4 (2.1.1) Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

nucleus in eukaryotic cell

present

nucleus in prokaryotic cell

not present

DNA is eukaryotic cell

linear

DNA in prokaryotic cell

circular

DNA organisation in prokaryotic cell

proteins fold and condense DNA

DNA organisation in eukaryotic cell

associated with proteins called histones

extra chromosomal DNA in prokaryotic cell

circular DNA called plasmids

extra chromosomal DNA in eukaryotic cell

only present in certain organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria

organelles in prokaryotic cell

non-membrane bound

organelles in eukaryotic cell

both membrane-bound and non membrane-bound

cell wall in prokaryotic cell

peptidoglycan

cell wall in eukaryotic cell

chitin in fungi, cellulose in plants, not present in animals

ribosomes in prokaryotic cell

smaller, 70S

ribosomes in eukaryotic cell

larger, 80S

cytoskeleton in prokaryotic cell

present

cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cell

present, more complex

reproduction in prokaryotic cell

binary fission

reproduction in eukaryotic cell

asexual or sexual

cell type in prokaryotic cell

unicellular

cell type in eukaryotic cell

unicellular and multicellular

plasma membrane in prokaryotic cell

present

plasma membrane in eukaryotic cell

present